The study connects magma changes to earthquakes under quiet volcanoes

One of Oregon’s Earth scientists says a type of earthquake that bursts deep beneath or near sleeper volcanoes may not suggest potential new eruptions.

In a study published on May 15 in the journal Science, Amanda’s UO and two colleagues from the US Geological Survey argue that the transformation “of a second boiling of magma may explain long-term deep earthquakes. The team concludes that such earthquakes” may more commonly refer to stagnant magma. And chilled. “

The results emerged from the team’s identification and analysis of more than a million deep long-term earthquakes, with magnitude ranging from 1.2 to 1.5, over a 19-year period under the Mauna Kea volcano in Hawaii. Earthquakes occurred 25 kilometers, about 15 miles, below sea level under the volcano, which erupted last time about 4,500 years ago. On average, they occurred every 10 minutes during the explored time period.

“The prevailing wisdom is that this mysterious type of earthquake represents magma’s motion in the Earth’s interior, and sometimes such events are used to predict explosions,” said Thomas, associate professor in the Department of Earth Sciences. “We found more than a million of these earthquakes under a dormant volcano that will most likely not erupt again.”

Instead of referring to the moving magma, the activity is caused by exsolution, a process in which the repeated pressure of volatile substances separates the cooled magma into new forms of crystalline minerals. The researchers pointed out that the study is the first to link this process to long-term deep earthquakes that occur without high-frequency energy of ordinary earthquakes.

“These earthquakes in Mauna Kea are unlikely to represent the magma movement,” said Thomas. “Our explanation is that they may represent, here and elsewhere, cold magma.”

She noted that this “everywhere” includes the Cascade chain in Oregon and Washington. According to previously published research, 60 sites of deep long-range earthquakes were identified beneath six volcanoes in Oregon: Baker Mountain, Glacier, Mount Rainier, Three Sisters and Lake Crater. Mount Baker scored the largest number possible.

A bunch of these earthquakes also fall under Oakridge, which, she says, plans to eventually explore to see if the same process is happening.

For Mauna Kea, the researchers wrote: “We suggest that the continuous flow of volatile matter emitted from the second boiling is transmitted upwards through a matrix of fractions for repeated pressure on the complex reservoir system and earthquake generation (long-term earthquake).”

To reach their conclusions, the researchers examined data about seismic waves using encapsulated correlation, a data extraction technique that determines small earthquakes more than is possible with the algorithms used in conventional seismic observation, which often misses such low-energy events. Discover activity patterns over time ranges from minutes to years.

The study was led by Aaron J. Wiesh of the USGS Alaskan Volcano Observatory. He also co-authored by Weston A. Tillen from USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory. The USGS Volcano Science Center and the National Science Foundation (Grant No. 1848302) supported the project.

—By Jim Barlow, University of Communications

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