Health

28-Year Study Tracks More Than 500,000 Youth Across America — ScienceDaily

Substance abuse among U.S. adolescents is declining, with the exception of cannabis consumption and e-cigarette use, according to a new study from the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health.Findings show that low social engagement and participation in structured activities appear to be the best predictors of substance abuse avoidance overall. will be published Substance use and misuse.

The researchers looked at data from 536,291 adolescents between 1991 and 2019 and found that the reasons for this phenomenon are not entirely clear, but appear to be correlated with many other social factors. suggests that These include increased parental surveillance and a notable decline in partying and dating within it.

According to lead author Noah Kreski (MPH) of the Department of Epidemiology, Columbia Mailman School, many demographic factors appear to be correlated with increased substance abuse even today.

“The decline in substance use rates over decades was greatest in groups defined by significant paid employment or high levels of social time, and because of less involvement in other activities or lower levels of supervision. , these groups had the highest initial use of each type of substance, please use it,” says Kreski.

Using data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Monitoring the Future survey, the researchers investigated tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, both nicotine and cannabis e-cigarettes, and eighth-grade school-age We tracked trends in students’ other substance use (13-14 year olds), 10 year olds (15-16 year olds), and 12 year olds (17-18 year olds), and compared these habits to social engagement. level, participation in structured activities, adult supervision, and employment. They further analyzed these patterns across race, gender, parental education, and other demographics.

Conversely, substance abuse was higher overall in the less supervised, highly social and engaged group.

Cannabis use increased in all groups, but especially among adolescent workers. Nicotine e-cigarettes increased the most among less supervised sociable and aggressive groups, cannabis e-cigarettes increased the most among his teens who were sociable but less aggressive Did.

“Social environments in which adolescents interact with peers, such as at parties, provide opportunities for drug use, especially in the absence of adult supervision,” says Kresky. It can create peer pressure to engage in drug use in order to fit in.”

This can be especially true for employed adolescents who interact with teenagers and adults on a regular basis. Young people employed are often from lower-income backgrounds, so they are relegated to early “pseudo-adulthood” and adopt habits typical of people older than their actual age. Additionally, cannabis users in particular seem to seek out other cannabis users, leading to social circles in which drugs play an important role. Similarly, e-cigarettes correlated with social clout.

Further analysis of the data yields the following results:

15% of respondents reported bingeing in the last two weeks
27% have consumed alcohol in the past month
15% of adolescents had smoked in the past month
13% reported using cannabis in the past month
9% reported using other substances in the past month
12% reported nicotine vaping
Since 2017, 6% report using cannabis e-cigarettes.

In summary, Kreski says:

“Together, although the prevalence of substance use varied significantly between groups, the trends in substance use tended to be relatively consistent across groups. Further research is needed to investigate the factors driving the trend.”

The authors suggest that a variety of peer-initiated and community-based programs may be effective in reducing use across a wide range of adolescent demographics. We urge further investigation into possible mental health conditions.

Co-author is Magdalena Cerdá of New York University Grossman School of Medicine. Qixuan Chen, Deborah Hasin, Silvia Martins, Pia Mauro, Mark Olfson, Katherine Keyes, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health.

This research was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (grant R01DA048853).

Sources

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2/ https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/220921093012.htm

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