Health
What you need to know about norovirus infection routes and prevention
This holiday season, give your loved ones the gift of spending time together instead of the highly contagious virus sometimes called gastroenteritis.
A spokesperson for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in an email to the Desert Sun that norovirus cases and outbreaks are expected to increase as the holiday season approaches. The “vast majority” of cases and outbreaks of norovirus, which causes vomiting and diarrhea, typically occur between November and April.
According to the latest data collected from , the outbreak of norovirus is “currently slightly higher than usual.” CrazySTATa network of state health departments working with the CDC to monitor norovirus outbreaks.
From 1 August to 6 November, 211 cases of norovirus were reported by NoroSTAT member countries, with a further 22 cases reported during the same period last year.
“However, this is the time when we generally begin to see an increase in infections, and the number of outbreaks is not dramatically higher than the number of outbreaks that have occurred in previous years,” the CDC said.
The CDC said isolated cases of norovirus are also within the range seen in previous years.
Are norovirus outbreaks increasing in California?
Based on the more than 10 states participating in NoroSTAT, the number of norovirus outbreaks is slightly higher, but California's total is lower than last year so far. However, the state has recently seen an increase in norovirus wastewater levels.
The California Department of Public Health said in an email to the Desert Sun that there were 55 laboratory-confirmed norovirus outbreaks in California from January to November. During the same period last year, 18 additional norovirus outbreaks were confirmed.
However, many outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness suspected to be caused by norovirus are not confirmed in a laboratory, and this is a “major limitation” of the data, the public health agency said.
The number of norovirus cases this year is comparable to the 56 laboratory-confirmed cases during the same period in 2022, according to the Department of Public Health. The highest number of confirmed norovirus outbreaks in California between January and November in the past five years was in 2019, with 76 cases.
Still, the number of outbreaks does not necessarily represent the “total community burden.” That's partly because many outbreaks are not confirmed by a laboratory, and the number of people affected by an outbreak can vary widely.
Recently, public health officials detected increased levels of norovirus in wastewater compared to this time last year. Wastewater monitoring data “serves as one indicator of emerging trends in norovirus activity.”
“The continued increase in wastewater data suggests a corresponding increase in norovirus activity, increasing the likelihood of an outbreak,” Public Health said.
Here's what you need to know about how norovirus spreads and how to protect yourself from it.
What you need to know about norovirus symptoms
According to the state Department of Public Health, common symptoms experienced by people infected with norovirus are vomiting, diarrhea, nausea and abdominal pain. Other symptoms include fever, headache, and body aches. Although it may be called gastroenteritis, norovirus is not related to influenza. CDC.
How long does norovirus survive?
The state health department says people infected with norovirus typically experience symptoms within 12 to 48 hours after exposure. Symptoms last for one to three days, but even after you feel better, you can remain contagious for up to two weeks or more.
Norovirus infection: How is it transmitted?
Norovirus is highly contagious and spreads “easily and quickly”. CDC. Infection can occur when small particles of feces or vomit from an infected person accidentally enter the mouth. You can also become infected by eating food grown in contaminated water or drinking contaminated water.
For example, norovirus is spread when a person infected with norovirus touches food or surfaces with bare hands, or when small droplets of vomit from a person infected with norovirus land on food or surfaces, according to the CDC. .
5 tips to prevent norovirus, according to the CDC
- Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
- Please note that hand sanitizer is not effective against norovirus
- Clean and disinfect kitchen surfaces and utensils regularly
- After someone vomits or has diarrhea, clean and disinfect surfaces, wear rubber or disposable gloves to protect yourself, wash laundry, take out the trash, and wash your hands.
- If you are sick, do not prepare or handle food or care for others
Paris Barraza is a high-profile reporter covering California news for the Desert Sun. Please contact [email protected]. Follow her on Twitter @ParisBarraza.
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