Major earthquake hits near Nepal: Tremors felt across India |

Can we forget the devastation caused by the 2015 Nepal earthquakes? Its effects were profound and unforgettable, leaving scars not only in the surrounding areas, but also in the hearts of those who lost loved ones in this tragedy. The successive series of earthquakes not only claimed thousands of lives, but also destroyed countless homes and vital infrastructure. But what are earthquakes and how do they occur? Earthquakes are natural phenomena that cause the ground to shake violently due to the sudden release of energy in the form of waves that spread in all directions. The generation of energy causes the ground itself to vibrate, and these vibrations can be recorded on a device called a seismograph.

Earthquakes felt in northern parts of India?

According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), an earthquake occurred on January 7, 2025 at 6:35 a.m., 93 km northeast of Lobuche, near the Nepal-Tibet border. The earthquake, with a magnitude of 7.1, was strongly felt in several areas in northern India, including Delhi-the national capital and parts of Bihar state. Many videos spread on social media showing many people in Bihar leaving their homes and apartments, due to the ongoing tremors at the time, but fortunately, no property damage was reported.

What causes earthquakes?

Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates suddenly slide past each other, releasing stored energy in the form of seismic waves. These plates lie on a semi-liquid layer beneath the Earth's crust and are in constant slow motion beneath the surface. Sometimes, huge plates collide, break apart, or slide against each other causing the Earth to shake. There are three main types of plate movements that mainly cause earthquakes: convergent boundaries, where plates collide and push under one another; Divergent boundaries, where plates break apart and magma emerges to form new crust and transform boundaries, where plates slide horizontally past each other, causing friction and pressure that eventually cause earthquakes. However, volcanic activity can also trigger earthquakes. Magma moves beneath the Earth's surface. Moreover, many other activities such as mining or even some projects, such as the construction of large dams, cause movements and activities that release energy and cause intense vibrations on the ground, resulting in earthquakes.

Is India in a danger zone?

Geographically, India is located in a seismically active zone, but the level of danger under which the region falls depends on its area of ​​activity. The country is located at the collision boundary between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate, which forms the Himalayan mountain range. This area is one of the most seismically active areas in the world. Himalayan region: The northern part of India, especially the Himalayan region, is exposed to more earthquakes due to the continuous collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Many earthquakes in this region can cause severe damage and loss of life. Northeast India: This is also one of the seismically active areas in the world as it is located at the intersection of the Indian, Eurasian and Burma plates, where the tectonic plates are in consistent movement due to which it is more vulnerable to earthquakes.

India and its earthquake zones

The Indian landscape has been divided into different seismic zones based on the Modified Mercalli (MM) scale. The low-density area, which makes up about 40.93% of the country's area, is located in the second region in the south and some other regions. The third region represents 30.79%, where the severity is moderate, as is the case in states such as Kerala, Goa and a few parts of Punjab and Rajasthan. The fourth high-density zone includes 17.49% of the region, which includes Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Delhi. The most dangerous zone is Zone V, which has an area of ​​about 10.79% of the territory and includes northern Bihar, the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

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