Health
Frequently used serologic tests may not detect antibodies that confirm protection against reinfection with COVID-19
This transmission electron microscopy image shows SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV, the virus that causes COVID-19) isolated from a patient in the United States. Viral particles emerging from the surface of cells cultured in the laboratory are shown. A spike on the outer edge of the viral particle gives the coronavirus a crown-like name. Credit: NIAID-RML
According to researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, the two antibody responses detectable by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) tell a very different story, suggesting a public health approach to the disease. It may show how to enhance. Antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (S-RBD) have been speculated to neutralize viral infection, whereas SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N-protein) antibodies Protection against reinfection by simply showing exposure.
Results announced today JCI InsightHighlights findings from quantitative serological enzyme associations Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 138 serial serum samples from COVID-19 hospitalized patients confirmed using SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD and N proteins, and 464 healthy and non-COVID collected during June -19 Detection of circulating antibodies in serum samples 2017 and June 2020.
The results show that 3% of healthy and non-COVID-19 samples collected during the pandemic in Houston were positive for N protein antibody, but only 1.6% of S-RBD antibody was detected. I showed you. 86% of the samples containing S-RBD antibodies were neutralizing and could prevent COVID-19 reinfection, but only 74% of the samples containing N-protein were neutralizing .. When both were positive, 96.5% showed neutralizing capacity.
“These findings indicate that detection of N-protein bound antibodies does not always correlate with the presence of S-RBD neutralizing antibodies, and the presence of S-RBD antibodies is the best indicator of potential protection against reinfection. “Raghu Kalluri, MD, Ph.D. , Professor and Chair of Cancer Biology. “We caution against the widespread use of N protein-based serologic tests to determine potential COVID-19 immunity, as accurate and reliable S-RBD serologic tests can help recovery. We believe it is necessary to carefully identify individuals with neutralizing antibodies to the world’s efforts.”
Currently, some commercial serological tests have only confirmed the presence of antibodies to the N protein, and more than 200 commercial and hospital laboratories are currently using these tests. These tests show exposure to the virus, but do not appear to suggest immunity to reinfection. These findings reiterate the need to educate what the antibody test results mean for each patient, and public health efforts encourage patients to continue vigilance and safety in the presence of N protein. Should focus on how to antibody..
“In addition to serological assessments of the general population, we hope these results will help to quickly assess the efficacy of vaccine candidates as they are translated into a wider population,” lead author Dr. Kathleen McAndrews is a postdoctoral researcher in cancer biology.
Kathleen M. McAndrews et al, SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain and heterologous antibody against nucleocapsid, COVID-19 immunity effects, JCI Insight (2020). DOI: 10.1172 / jci.insight.142386
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University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Quote: COVID-19 (August 14, 2020) obtained from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-08-frequencyly-serology-antibodies- August 14, 2020 for frequently used serology tests ) May not be able to detect antibodies that confirm protection against reinfection of reinfection-covid-.html
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