Health
Starcell “shines” to create touch
Parents may be accustomed to their infant getting messed with flour. Feeling the soft feel of flour, children can spend time creating, exploring and learning through messy play. Such tactile sensation play is an effective stimulus for the child’s sensation because the haptic system includes the entire network of skin. The thalamus of the brain is the place where common sensory inputs are filtered in and out, but it remains elusive as to which particular mechanism fine-tunes the sense of touch.
The collaborative research team is led by Dr. C. Justin Lee of the Center for Cognitive Sociology and Dr. Chung Eunji of Yonsei University in the Institute of Basic Science (IBS) in Daejeon, South Korea, and is tactile. They found that the continuous regulation (tension) of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory transmitter of astrocytes, produces tactile sensation. “Contrary to conventional assumptions, thalamic astrocytes synthesize GABA using an enzyme called diamine oxidase (DAO) instead of MAOB, previously known as GABA-forming enzyme in cerebellar astrocytes. ,” said KOH Wuhyun, the first author of the study. .. The team also found that GABA production was completed by an enzyme called Aldh1a1. The team confirmed that the generated GABA is released through the astrocyte Best1 channel. They also ly demonstrated that thalamic astrocyte tonicity GABA controls the sensitivity of our brain to understand the sense of touch.
This study reports fairly surprising results on how GABA works to control the sense of touch. GABA, known for its inhibitory function, actually enhances sensory input processing by accelerating signal processing and sharpening signal magnitude sensitivity. “The brain can’t accurately distinguish saturated neuronal signals. It’s like overexposure to light results in an overly bright picture. The inhibitory action of GABA removes the extreme values of the signal, Emphasis on the information: this tweaking makes neurons more sensitive to different ranges of signals,” Ko explains.
In behavioral experiments, the team confirmed that the tonic GABA dynamically controls tactile discrimination. They used different grit sandpapers. The smaller the grit number, the coarser the particles, and the larger the number, the finer the particles. Its tactile-based novel object recognition test showed that the Best1, DAO, and Aldh1a1 astrocyte knockdown models reported significantly less discriminatory power compared to controls. The team also confirmed the effects of the tonic GABA enhancement. The overcharged model showed a significant enhancement in discrimination. We were able to signal a relatively small change in textiles (?80). The normal model is usually? Recognize more than 180 differences.
“Detecting small changes in the environment marks the beginning of our cognitive functions,” said co-author Dr. Chung Eun-ji. This study reveals a new mechanism that manipulates sensory acuity and And brought a breakthrough in the study of cognitive function.”
“This is the first example of thalamic astrocytes actively participating in important cognitive processes such as sensory discrimination. Astrocytes “shine” in the brain, like positive stars in the night sky Is involved in cognitive function. Co-author, C. Justin Lee, said:
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