Health
Studies identify new causes of inflammation in people living with HIV
Current HIV antiretroviral treatments are very effective, but data show that people living with HIV experience accelerated aging and live up to 5-10 years shorter than people without HIV. It seems to be. These results are associated with chronic inflammation and can lead to the early onset of age-related disorders such as atherosclerosis, cancer and neurocognitive decline.
A new study, led by researchers at the Boston Medical Center, explores the potential causes of this inflammation and finds that HIV RNA production from existing HIV DNA cannot be controlled as a potential major driver of inflammation. Identified.Was announced in Infectious Disease JournalThe results underscore the need to develop new therapies that target persistent inflammation in people living with HIV in order to improve the results.
After infection, HIV becomes part of the infected person’s DNA, and in most cases the infected cells are silent and do not replicate the virus. However, occasionally RNA is produced from this HIV DNA. This is the first step towards virus replication. Although antiretroviral treatment helps prevent HIV and AIDS-related complications, it does not prevent chronic inflammation, which is common in HIV patients and is associated with mortality.
Our study aims to identify a possible association between latent HIV cells and chronic inflammation in HIV patients with viral load suppression. “
Nina Lin, MD, Physician Scientist, Boston Medical Center (BMC) and Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM)
In this study, researchers had a cohort of 57 HIV patients treated with antiretroviral therapy. They compared blood inflammation and various viral measurements between young people (under 35 years old) and older people (aged 50 years and older) living with HIV. They also compared the ability of inflammation present in the blood to activate HIV production from silent cells with the HIV genome. Their results suggest that the inability to control HIV RNA production with antiretroviral drugs correlates with inflammation.
“Our findings suggest that new treatments are needed to target persistent inflammation in people living with HIV,” said a BMC infectious disease physician and researcher. Said the author, Dr. Manish Sagar. “Current antiretroviral drugs prevent new infections, but not the production of HIV RNA, which our results show as a potential key factor in causing inflammation in people living with HIV. . “
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it is estimated that 1.2 million Americans live with HIV. However, about 14% of these individuals are unaware that they are infected. Another CDC reporter found that 76% of those who were diagnosed with HIV and those who were not diagnosed with HIV in 2018 received some form of HIV care. 58 percent were taken care of. In addition, 65% were unable to detect or suppress the HIV viral load. Antiretroviral therapy prevents the progression of HIV and reduces the risk of infection to near zero.
The authors state that these results need to be reproduced in a larger cohort. “We hope that our findings will be a starting point for investigating drugs that stop the production of HIV RNA as a way to reduce inflammation,” added Sagar, an associate professor of medicine and microbiology at BUSM. It was.
Source:
Journal reference:
Olson, A. , et al. (2020) HIV-1 transcription is associated with systemic inflammation rather than complete provirus levels. Infectious disease journal. doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa657..
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