Health
SARS-CoV-2 infection shown in human lung bronchoalveolar tissue model
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The development of an in vitro human-derived tissue model to study viral infection and disease progression in lung alveolar cells involved in oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with blood is a possible treatment for induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). According to SARS-CoV-2, which may enable the study of law. Dutch researchers demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in a model similar to the human bronchoalveolar system, which is thought to play an important role in the progression of pneumonia and ARDS infection. Did.
In people infected with COVID-19 or other respiratory viruses, it is already possible that alveolar injury can cause a series of events leading to ARDS and limit the transport of oxygen to the blood to dangerously low levels. It has been established. There is also increasing evidence that the epithelium that lines the alveoli plays a major role in the progression of COVID-19.However, an in vitro model for replication Disease progression It has proven difficult to establish a model that tolerates SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in the alveoli of the human lung. This severely restricted the understanding of COVID-19.
The Dutch team remedied this defect by applying a self-regenerating organoid model that included stems. cell It can be differentiated into relevant cell types for the study of disease processes. Organoids are small 3D tissues of approximately 2 mm in diameter derived from stem cells that reflect the complex structure of an organ or at least represent its chosen aspect to meet the objectives of a particular biomedical research. Such organoids can provide a continuous source of 2D tissue that more accurately mimics the shape or cell sequence of the structure under study.
Self-regenerating organoid model The gas-conducting airway epithelium has already been developed by the same team, but the alveolar epithelium has so far proven to be a greater challenge for production.The Dutch team overcame this challenge and developed 2D
“Air interface” system containing the basal layer of Stem cells It comes into contact with the culture and exposes the top layer to the air as in the lungs.
SARS targeting predominantly alveolar type II-like cells known as ATII-L, where multiple cultures were generated and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), surface marker staining, and single cell sequencing. -Infected normally by CoV-2. The study then shed light on a series of post-infection events.
The study also identified the cell-mediated immune response of infected cells to the virus through messenger RNA expression analysis. When cultures were treated with the antiviral signaling molecule interferon lambda early in the infection, SARS-CoV-2 replication was almost completely blocked, demonstrating that interferon lambda can be an effective treatment at the right time. I will.These results also show that these cultures may help develop therapeutic interventions for. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) From COVID-19.
Mart M. Lamers et al, Organoid-derived bronchoalveolar model for SARS-CoV-2 infection of human alveolar type II-like cells, EMBO Journal (2020). DOI: 10.15252 / embj.2020105912
Provided by
European Molecular Biology Laboratory
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