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Has China Betrayed Iran? – Academia

Has China Betrayed Iran?  – Academia

 


Olsi Jazexhi

Tirana ●
Sat 28 January 2023

2023-01-28
03:15
0
d5259e4d93052b0e76bee70b0504abaf
2
Academia
China, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Gulf Cooperation Council, oil, nuclear, Xinjiang, Muslim
To free

Although China has close ties with Iran and Saudi Arabia, the latter has established itself as one of Beijing’s key strategic partners in the region. Tehran is concerned about China’s recent joining Saudi Arabia and other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with Iran believing China has taken a neutral stance in the rivalry between the Iran and Saudi Arabia in the Gulf region.

Iran and China signed a 25-year Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement. China is also set to discuss additional economic cooperation, but for the most part the arrangements remain vague as geopolitical tensions rise.

President Xi Jinping’s recent visit to Saudi Arabia, along with his other diplomatic engagements in the region, has left Tehran wondering if China is changing its priorities in the region, particularly in the wake of the decline of the US presence. This visit is considered a turning point in Beijing’s foreign policy towards the Persian Gulf states.

Saudi Arabia has been China’s largest crude oil supplier as of 2020. China depends on Saudi Arabia for its energy needs and Beijing is working hard to nurture a long-term relationship with Riyadh to meet this need.

After Xi’s visit to Saudi Arabia, the Chinese president and Persian GCC leaders issued a joint statement that included three articles with “hostile rhetoric” against Iran.

Iran demands “compensation” for the joint declaration signed between China and the GCC countries. The joint statement explicitly drew attention to “Iran’s nuclear dossier in destabilizing regional activities” and Iran’s support for local terrorist organizations.

China’s relations with Saudi Arabia and Iran are very complex. The dragon nation must carefully manage its relations with both countries to maintain neutrality to protect its commercial interests in the region. However, if China crosses its boundary, it will face retaliation from the Islamic world.

Most Muslim countries, including Iran and Saudi Arabia, are aware of the conditions of Muslims in Xinjiang, but have refrained from joining the US crusade against China to militarize Muslims in Xinjiang.

The reciprocity of the Arab world towards China on Xinjiang can be measured by the recent visit of a delegation of Muslim scholars and clerics from developing countries who expressed their support for China’s policies in the region of the extreme west.

The group of more than 30 Islamic representatives from 14 countries – including the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Serbia, South Sudan and Indonesia – arrived in Xinjiang to visit the cities of Urumqi, Turpan, Altay and Kashgar and to meet government officials.

Al Nuaimi, chairman of the UAE-based World Council of Muslim Communities, who was part of the delegation, was quoted by state media as praising the Chinese government’s efforts to eliminate terrorism and extremism in Xinjiang as the right way to protect China’s national interests.

Human rights groups estimate that China has detained more than a million Uyghurs against their will in recent years in a vast network of what the state calls “re-education camps”.

A series of police files obtained by the BBC in 2022 revealed details of China’s use of these camps and described the routine use of armed officers and the existence of a shoot-to-kill policy. who try to escape.

In the aftermath of China’s taking sides in Gulf politics, the Xinjiang affair can be used against its interests. Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have so far refrained from mentioning the issue and respect China’s national sovereignty over it.

China is doing everything in its power to correct the UAE’s statement against Tehran. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs has realized its mistake and is trying to limit the damage. The gravity of the situation can be gauged from the reaction of Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian who said: “The islands of Abu Musa, Great Tumb and Lesser Tumb in the Persian Gulf are inseparable parts from the pure land of Iran. and belong to this homeland forever”.

Chinese Ambassador to Tehran Chang Hua said in his statement, “China resolutely supports Iran against foreign intervention and for the preservation of its national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity.”

China understands that Iran is in a weak position and needs to expand cooperation even with other oil-rich Gulf countries hostile to Iran. Nevertheless, Iran has certain boundaries that it will never allow any other party to cross. China also knows that Iran, as well as GCC states that do not fully trust the United States as allies, need Chinese support.

Beijing understands the complexity of the region and tries to walk a tightrope as long as it can sell its products and expand its influence within the Muslim world.

***

The author is an Albanian historian, board member of the Albanian Muslim Society of Toronto (2010-2012), advisor to the President of the Muslim Community of Albania (2003-2005) and founding member of the Muslim Forum of Albania (2005).


Sources

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2/ https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2023/01/28/has-china-betrayed-iran.html

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