Politics
Pakistan: Mass Arrests Target Political Opposition
(New York) Pakistani police have made mass arrests and detained more than 4,000 people following protests over the arrest of former Prime Minister Imran Khan, including members of the political opposition, said Human Rights Watch today.
The police arbitrarily detained many members of opposition political parties as well as those rightly arrested for engaging in acts of violence. Many have been charged under vague and overbroad laws prohibiting rioting and creating threats to public order. Pakistani authorities must release all those detained for peacefully protesting or supporting political opposition and respect the right to due process of all those detained.
Pakistani authorities should end their arbitrary arrests of political opposition activists and peaceful protesters, said Patricia Gossman, associate Asia director at Human Rights Watch. Anyone who commits acts of violence must be properly charged and their due process rights respected.
Violence swept Pakistan after police arrested former Prime Minister Khan on May 9, 2023 on corruption charges. Many Khan supporters threw stones and Molotov cocktails and in a few cases used assault rifles to attack police and set fire to ambulances, police vehicles and schools. Police responded with tear gas, rubber bullets and charged protesters with batons. In the days that followed, police arrested hundreds of members of the Khans political party, Tehrik-i-Insaaf, on charges of criminal intimidation, rioting and assaulting government officials. On May 12, Khan was released on bail.
A tense confrontation continued between police and Khan’s supporters in the city of Lahore, raising fears of further violence. The UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials state that security forces must use the minimum force necessary at all times. To disperse violent gatherings, firearms may only be used when it is not possible to use less harmful means, and only to the minimum extent necessary. Law enforcement officers may intentionally use lethal force only when strictly unavoidable to protect life.
On May 17, police arrested two former parliamentarians, Shireen Mazari and Maleeka Bukhari. After the Islamabad High Court granted them bail, the police immediately rearrested them on new charges. Mazaris family members said she had medical needs that required urgent attention. Authorities should release the two women, drop all charges except for a legally recognized offense, and ensure that Mazari has immediate access to medical care.
Pakistani law requires all detainees to be brought before a court within 24 hours, which is in line with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which Pakistan is a party.
Authorities must exercise restraint and respect human rights and the rule of law, Gossman said. Fundamental guarantees of peaceful protest and due process must not become casualties of the political conflict in Pakistan.
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