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Xi Jinping praises Nehru-era Panchsheel Pact. What is it? | India News

Xi Jinping praises Nehru-era Panchsheel Pact. What is it? | India News

 


NEW DELHI: China commemorated the 70th anniversary of the Five Principles of peaceful coexistenceoriginally articulated in the Sino-Indian agreement of 1954.
Known as Panchsheel in India, these principles were the cornerstone of former Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's vision. global diplomacyaiming to guide international relationships in mutual respect, non-aggression, non-interference, equality and peaceful coexistence.
At a conference, the Chinese president Xi Jinping He highlighted the five principles and their historical significance. He attributed these principles to Nehru and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai, highlighting their role in resolving complex border issues despite subsequent geopolitical tensions.
While the Panchsheel Pact symbolizes aspirations for peaceful coexistence and mutual respect in international relations; its historical context and resulting challenges reflect the complexity of maintaining peace and stability in a rapidly changing world order.
What is the Panchsheel Pact?
The Panchsheel Pact, also known as the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, is a set of principles aimed at guiding international relations and promoting peaceful coexistence among nations. This was formally articulated in an agreement between India and China in 1954.
These principles were essential to the Nehruvian vision of diplomacy, emphasizing mutual respect, non-aggression, non-interference, equality and peaceful resolution of conflict.
The five principles

  1. Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty: Recognize and respect national borders and sovereignty.
  2. Mutual non-aggression: Avoiding the use of force or aggression in international relations.
  3. Non-interference in the internal affairs of others: Respect the sovereignty of nations by refraining from intervening in domestic policies.
  4. Equality and mutual benefit: Promote cooperation based on equality and mutual benefit between nations.
  5. Peaceful coexistence: Resolve disputes through peaceful means such as dialogue and negotiation, rather than confrontation.

Historical context and heritage
The Panchsheel Pact emerged out of discussions between Nehru and Zhou, aimed at resolving complex boundary issues.
This principle gained prominence in the 1950s, when several Asian and African countries adopted it at the 1955 Bandung Conference and through the Non-Aligned Movement.
Impact and challenges
Despite its idealistic goals, the Panchsheel Pact did not prevent the Sino-Indian War of 1962, which resulted in a significant loss for India and strained bilateral relations.
The aftermath of this event marked a critical turning point in Nehru's political career and raised questions about the effectiveness of the Pact in real-world conflicts.
Modern relevance
Today, the legacy of the Panchsheel Pact continues to influence diplomatic discourse, advocating peaceful cooperation in the face of global challenges. However, contemporary geopolitical dynamics, including territorial disputes and strategic competition, underscore the persistent tensions between China and India, despite efforts to maintain dialogue and cooperation.

Sources

1/ https://Google.com/

2/ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/explained-the-panchsheel-pact-lessons-in-global-diplomacy-and-stability/articleshow/111364852.cms

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