Donald prevails over foreign policy could be motivated by simple spite of what to do on this subject

Recent changes in American foreign policy, in particular concerning prices and the war in Ukraine, have sparked a debate on what stimulates the decisions of Trump's administrations. Some of these decisions are so strange that media commentators and even some European officials have wondered aloud if the US government could now even serve Russian interests.

It is more likely that American actions simply reflect an aggressive pursuit of what the Trump administration perceives as the interests of the Americas. These policies can help rebuild American manufacturing and redirect its soldiers for future tensions with China.

However, the former Trump official, Anthony Scaramucci, now co-host of the Podcast Popular The Rest Is Politics Us and a bitter opponent of his former boss, has a different grip. He maintains that the American president is not as he is sometimes claimed to play four -dimensional chess but act on whims and eat chess pieces.

This raises the possibility that certain asset policies are simply nasty rather than strategic. My book Spite, published in 2020, examines the psychological roots and its evolution and its social impact on citizens, leaders and political decision -makers. It offers an overview of what could now happen on the world stage.

Wickedness is the place where we act to harm another person, even at a cost for ourselves. Although wickedness actions can be strategic, helping your long -term personal interest, they are often damaging to everyone in the short and long term. It is crucial to understanding whether the spite of American political decisions is crucial for the ability of the world to respond effectively.

Cooperation working together for mutual benefit is the superpower of humanity. We cooperate with people outside of our families in a way that other species do not do so. After the Second World War, cooperative alliances, trade agreements and global institutions favored a certain degree of shared prosperity.

However, cooperation (I win, you win) is only one of the four basic behaviors, alongside altruism (I lose, you win), selfishness (I win, you lose) and spite (I lose, you lose). Trump often supervises American cooperation as an altruism, claiming that America gives and obtains nothing in return, which makes it unjustly exploited.

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His first policy in America embraces selfishness, treating international relations as a zero -sum game where there can only be one winner. However, redesigning cooperation as unfair, the assets resulting from anger can lead it beyond selfishness despite counterproductive.

When the United States has imposed prices on countries, it has generally retaliated in kind with its own prices. The result? Everyone has suffered. In Trumps in the first quarter, American consumers bore most of the costs of prices, while reprisal rates also reduced real income abroad.

The economist and former secretary in the United States of work, Robert Reich, argues that the prices are supposed to show the world that he is ready to harm small economies, even at the cost of harming the very large USS. It is the wickedness of the manual.

Similarly, after the tensions between Trump and the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, the actions of the United States seemed more focused on the punishment of Ukraine than to advance American interests. Some people argue that this has harmed US national security as well as Ukrainian security.

The costs and advantages of the spite

International relations specialists offer different opinions on spite. Realists consider a rational tool to maintain power. They point out that as long as the United States loses less than its rival, that makes a relative gain.

Liberals prioritize absolute gains arguing that cooperation leads to mutual advantages, even if some earn more than others. They consider that the harmful trade and alliances which ultimately strengthen the United States.

Constructivists, who argue that state actions depend on the context and perceptions, stress that the impact of filming will vary. The spite directed against a major rival can be useful. However, despite the small allies can undermine confidence and long -term cooperation.

Bay American rates can force weaker allies such as Canada to make concessions. But researchers warn that China, which has a much greater economic depth, has both the will and the resources to play a dangerous game of mutual pain and destruction with the United States.

In the end, the constant trade wars suggest a desire to dominate and punish rather than pursuing strategic personal interest, climbing conflicts rather than resolving them. Research on human cooperation shows that winners do not punish and that losers punish and perish.

The psychology of spite

Wickedness perhaps shapes American politics because perceptions, the environment and the personality encourage wickedness. Wickedness often results from the unjustly treated sensation. The American president has made a feeling of injustice and said on several occasions that the allies treat the United States very, very unjustly.

Donald won over the exchange of the fiery white house with Volodymyr Zelensky, February 28, 2025.

As China grows, the world becomes more competitive. Research suggests that increased competition encourages the spite. And, at a time of strong men's policy, leaders can seek domination. Depitated is a way of dominating others.

Having the dark triad of psychopathy, narcissism and machiavesector personality traits increases your risk of being nasty. The researchers argued that Trump strongly stimulates on such traits (although, if this is true, it is not necessarily bad because narcissism has been linked to certain elements of presidential success).

Wickedness is more frequent in people who find it difficult to control their emotions. Trump was accused of anger attacks. Even one of his own lawyers said Trump unable to testify because he couldn't control himself, his emotions.

The spite is not always bad. It can force equity, stimulate competitive performance and is linked to creativity. But when the spite destroys the superpower of humanity cooperation, it becomes human kryptonitis.

How to prevent the spite from shaping politics

To stop the spite of influencing foreign policy, it is necessary to remedy its triggers. This means a perception of injustice to challenge injustice. Managers must highlight the mutual benefits of cooperation. The confidence in which cooperation is based must also be rebuilt.

It is also necessary to resist the search for dominance. In hunter societies, those looking for domination are often restricted by the group. International institutions, as well as checks and counterweights in the American system, must prevent the climbing of the reckless domination of climbing. The reactions to the spite must be firm but measured, rather than risking a race down.

Overall, the apparent use of the Americas of spite to unnecessarily reduce the standard of living of its adversaries as well as certain allies and even its own citizens is deeply disturbing. However, the United States to refuse to miss against its adversaries, it risks allowing a new world power a potentially hostile to liberal democracy and human rights to shape the world order.

Aristotle argued that the virtuous person gets angry for the right reasons, at the right time, in the right way. America must learn to do the same.

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