Who is Gen Asim Munnir, the head of the army army of the army army in the midst of the crisis of India? | Pakistan

During the 77 years which followed the creation of Pakistan, its affairs and its policy have long been governed by the whims of powerful military generals.

However, even now that the country is out of the claws of martial law, it is still widely understood that the most powerful man in Pakistan is not the head of government but rather the chief of the army.

Since more than two years ago, General Asim Munnir has taken office as chief of the Pakistani army, he has been accused of quietly consolidating a greater power without even having to overthrow the civilian leaders of the country. While he was largely stood out of the spotlight, he established an iron socket on the ranks of Armys and folded government policy and even the Supreme Court to his will.

However, in recent weeks, when the enemies of Pakistan and India have come closer to the total war that they have done for decades, all the eyes have been on Munnir. After India launched its most intensive air strikes on Pakistan since the 1971 war in the early hours of Wednesday, reaching nine targets and killing 31 people, including children, Pakistan has sworn to respond to this act of war.

On Wednesday, the first strikes were direct reprisals for a cashmere attack administered by the Indians at the end of last month, in which activists killed 25 Hindu tourists and a tourist guide.

Pakistan soldiers quickly obtained a complete government authorization to decide on the reaction to the Indian attack. Decisions for any reprisal plan will now be largely shaped by Munir. On Saturday morning, after India was accused of having shot missiles in three Pakistani military bases, Pakistan said they started their counterattack.

A familiar figure with the discussions held by senior Pakistani military leaders said: the message on the Pakistani side is that they will ride very strongly to Indian provocation.

It was verified by another senior source of security in Pakistan. This will come considerably. When we will, everyone will know. Munir is waiting for the right time for the big blow to be delivered, he said.

Munir is known to cut an unusual silhouette for an army chief. Rather than coming from an elite military family, he fled to India during the score and his father was a teacher. Munir entered the army through the officers' training school rather than the most prestigious path of the Pakistani military academy. However, he progressed quickly in the ranks, becoming the director of military intelligence in 2016, followed by the Director General of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), one of the most powerful military roles in 2018.

It was here that he fell because of the minister of the time, Imran Khan. After Munir would have informed Khan that his new wife was involved in corruption, Khan furiously withdrew from his post as head of ISI in 2019, starting a highly acrimonious battle between Khan and the powerful generals.

However, Munir was transferred to another main military post and was selected by Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, to become the new army chief in 2022.

At that time, Khan had managed to transform great expanses of the country against the military, who for decades had ordered devout loyalty among the masses. Like Khan, the most popular the most popular political leader was imprisoned and the 2024 elections were tainted with rigging allegations against the Khans party, it was largely estimated that the repression was the work of Munir, which also ruthlessly purged the army of all the Loyalists of Khan.

However, some analysts said that the recent assault on India may have offered to provide an opportunity. While the hyper-national fervor seized Pakistan, with calls for a total war with India, the army was back in favor, with the calls to be provided to defend all of Pakistan.

A sign at the top of a building in Islamabad shows the Pakistani Prime Minister, Shehbaz Sharif, and General Asim Munnir. Photography: Aamir Qureshi / AFP / Getty Images

Aqil Shah, professor of South Asian affairs at Georgetown University, said: As head of the army, he was already brutal Khan in prison, the rigged elections, civilians confronted with a military trial which worked his reputation. But a military response which is considered appropriate to this crisis could reduce the task of political repression and allow it to burden its references as head of the army which have risen to arrange enemy India.

Munirs owns the ideology on India is known to be hard. Like many in the army, he subscribes to the theory of the two nations: that Muslims of Pakistan cannot basically live in the same country as the Hindus. In the comments made last month, which were considered very antagonistic of India, he said that our religions are different, our cultures are different, our traditions are different, our thoughts are different, our ambitions are different.

He also proved to be optimistic and inflexible in the face of antagonism and the militant activity of neighboring Iran and Afghanistan, launching cross -border strikes for reprisals in the two countries in the past year.

The retired general Muhammad Saeed, the former general chief of staff (CGS), said: I served with him for many years, I know that Gen Asim Munnir is an intrepid man. The government gave him the head of the head to plan the answer [to India] But it will not only be his decision. When he will plan, he will go in all firearms.

Regarding their military power along the disputed border, while the India army has approximately double the size of the Pakistans approximately 1.2 million active Indian personnel, against around 650,000 for Pakistan, the two parties are quite balanced, said Sushazing Singh, author and professor of political science at Yale who spent two decades in the Indian army.

Singh stressed that, since 2020, India has deployed huge amounts of military personnel and resources towards its mountainous border with China, after the India China border crisis quickly degenerated. India has also had problems with the modernization of its armed forces and was faced with a systematic recruitment problem, leading to a deficit of soldiers.

Despite its size, India does not have the kind of domination where you expect India easily to pass Roughshod on Pakistan or declare a fast victory, said Singh.

Although the Pakistans are widely seen, even among the Indian generals, to be disciplined and very efficient, Singh said that the question had always been filed: the major problem is that the military leaders of the Pakistans are strongly politicized and have often acted by ideology or religious conservatism or even delirious behavior.

General Munnir is clearly subject to a lot of political pressure, he added. There is also the pressure of the co-orders so that it acts strongly in order to be able to demonstrate and restore the credibility of the army as an institution.

The question of who would have the advantage in any confrontation is also a question of equipment. In recent years, India has moved away from its dependence on Russian weapons for the purchase of Western ammunition, including the French Rafale reaction planes and F-16 planes in the United States. Pakistan is now buying 80% of its military arsenal from China.

According to reports, while tensions with India increased last month, China precipitated 100 others of its new PL-15 powerful missiles in Pakistan, which it generally retains for its own inventory and does not export.

On Friday, the Pakistani army said that it had used PL-15 missiles to reduce several Indian planes during Wednesday strikes. Shuja Nawaz, the author of Crossed Swords and an expert known to Pakistan soldiers, said it showed that China was not only a Pakistan, but that it uses it as a kind of test for its weapons against India.

For Nawaz, the use of precision strikes and unmanned drones on both sides has made this conflict unlike any other in India and in the bitter history of Pakistans, and has made the chance to climb high -risk.

Mnir really does not have the opportunity to play a very long match in the current situation. He must quickly prove that he and the soldiers are prepared and that they will defend the country, he said.

The concerns of a nuclear escalation had also never been higher, he said. India and Pakistan do not fight long wars, they fight short wars. And they throw everything they have in the shop window in the battle. My biggest fear is that Pakistan uses what they call tactical nuclear weapons and that all hell is unleashed.

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