Sports
Evaluation of the performance of cricket helmets and comparison with baseball and ice hockey helmets
Abstract
Background: Protective helmets in sports are important to reduce the risk of head and facial injuries. In cricket and other projectile sports, national testing standards control minimum helmet performance. However, there is little field data showing whether helmets are effective in reducing head injuries.
Objectives: (A) Examining the performance of cricket helmets in laboratory tests; (b) to examine performance with respect to testing standards, gaming hazards, and helmet construction; (c) to compare and contrast these findings with baseball and ice hockey helmets.
Methods: Impact tests were carried out on a selection of helmet models: five cricket, two baseball and two ice hockey models. Ball-helmet impacts at velocities of 19, 27, 36, and 45 m/s were produced using an air gun and a Hybrid III dummy head and neck unit. Free fall tests were performed with a rigid head shape on a selection of anvils (flat rigid, flat deformable and hemispherical rigid). The resulting head shape acceleration was measured and compared between tests.
Results: In lower speed impacts, all helmets provided a good reduction in head shape acceleration, and thus injury risk. The effectiveness was less with the higher speed impacts. For example, the average maximum head shape accelerations for all cricket helmets at each speed were: 67, 160, 316, and 438 G for ball speeds of 19, 27, 36 and 45 m/s respectively. Drop tests on a hemispherical anvil produced the highest accelerations. The variation in performance increased as the magnitude of the impact energy increased, in both types of tests.
Conclusions: The testing method used for baseball helmets that involves firing the projectile at the helmet may be superior to helmet drop testing. The cricket helmet's performance is satisfactory for low-speed impacts, but not for impacts at higher, more realistic speeds. Baseball and ice hockey helmets offer slightly better relative and absolute performance at ball and puck impacts of 27 m/s.
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Sources 2/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1724685/ The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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