Zero-day vulnerability in Cisco Nexus devices triggers warning despite CVSS score

DIVE BRIEF: A threat actor believed to be linked to China is actively exploiting a zero-day vulnerability in Cisco NX-OS software, researchers said Monday. The actor, known as Velvet Ant, is exploiting a command injection vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-20399, which Sygnia researchers say affects a wide range of Cisco Nexus devices. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 6.0, but researchers warn that the threat actor is highly sophisticated and deploys custom malware, Sygnia. Cisco released software updates for some NX-OS hardware platforms on Monday and will release additional fixes when they are ready. The company said there are no other workarounds available to address the flaw. DIVE INSIGHTS:

Sygnia discovered the vulnerability as part of a larger investigation into Velvet Ant espionage operations, and found that the threat actors had been active on victim computer networks for three years.

In previous investigations, researchers found that suspected state-sponsored attackers were maintaining persistent activity on legacy F5 BIG-IP appliances exposed to the internet.

Sygnia discovered threat activity against Cisco Nexus devices earlier this year and reported it to the company.

Cisco Nexus devices are often used as backbone switches in data centers, making threat operations particularly difficult because hackers can gain root access on the Linux-based operating systems and deploy custom malware, according to Amnon Kushnir, director of incident response at Sygnia.

According to Sygnia researchers, network appliances and switches in particular are often unmonitored and logs are not typically sent to a centralized logging system. The custom malware allowed the hackers code execution and traffic tunneling, so that once the malware was deployed, the hackers did not need to log in to access the network.

The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency added this bug to its catalog of known vulnerabilities. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. However, an attacker would need administrator credentials to exploit the vulnerability.

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