Earthquake early warning is moving forward in Fu

Public testing of Nicaragua’s earthquake early warning system is among the latest steps in a collaboration to build a warning system for four countries in the region, Frederic Maassen of the Swiss Seismological Service at ETH Zurich told the annual meeting of the American Seismological Society.

The project – Alerta Temprana de Terremotos en América Central (ATTAC) – is a collaboration between the national seismic networks of Guatemala (INSIVUMEH), El Salvador (MARN), Nicaragua (INETER), Costa Rica (OVSICORI-UNA) and the Swiss Seismic Monitoring Service at ETH Zürich, funded by the agency Swiss Development and Cooperation. Project coordinator John Clinton, of the Swiss Seismological Service at ETH Zürich, said earthquake early warning is a necessity in a region where both large subduction zones and medium crustal earthquakes can wreak havoc.

“In each of these countries, in living memory, there have been earthquakes that have resulted in significant deaths, often in capitals,” Clinton said. More than twenty thousand people died in two of the four countries [Nicaragua and Guatemala] It’s the ’70s, so there’s raw feeling and raw emotion. Moreover, on a regular basis, people experience perceptible earthquakes.”

Earthquake early warning algorithms have been installed in all four countries as part of ATTAC, and 71 robust motion stations have been installed to supplement sometimes patchy coverage, most notably in Guatemala, Clinton said.

“We worked hard to make sure that we went beyond just having stations in the ground but also that they were able to record strong motion data with low latency,” he noted. Recent tests of the system show that it can produce warnings seconds before the arrival of powerful Earth-shaking S waves from offshore shallow subduction zone earthquakes, which are typically set within 10 to 20 seconds of their times of origin.

Macin said that late last year in Nicaragua, local project partner INETER began sending out warnings to test users at about 70 different institutions in Managua, including markets, airports, embassies, and ministries of defense and civil. The warnings are being sent using a digital TV platform in collaboration with Japanese engineers who are developing local digital TV services that are already established in the region.

“Although digital television is at the forefront of what we do in terms of alert delivery, we also look at mobile phone alerts and sirens, as in Mexico City,” said Maasin.

Unlike early warnings of earthquakes in other parts of the world, such as the ShakeAlert system for the Pacific Coast of the United States, alerts are not delivered only to specific areas where ground shaking reaches a certain intensity. “Most Central American countries are small, about the size of Switzerland or Greater Los Angeles,” Clinton explained. “So our first approach is if you have something relevant to any part of the country, alert the whole country.”

He added that interest in earthquake early warning is currently high, so “the expectation in these countries is that any warning is better than no warning. This means that we can take a risk and start implementing the system immediately, which is different from Europe or the United States or Japan where you want Have your system fully bulletproof before commissioning.”

However, the challenge remains to explore what information Central American users want and expect from a warning system, and whether some of the usual messages – such as “duck, cover and hold” – are best for countries where roof-dense adobe buildings are prone to collapse even under light. Moderate vibration.

The project is set to run another two years, at which time Clinton said there should be an earthquake early warning system in place in Nicaragua and a good start to operations in the other three countries. Knowledge transfer was the focus of efforts throughout the project.

Although ATTAC is challenging, the researchers are pleased with the successes so far.

“With each national institution, we have been successful in building EEW systems that work well in every country despite their many differences,” Clinton said. “We have the ability to provide a ShakeAlert-style system across Central America.”

Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! is not responsible for the accuracy of newsletters sent on EurekAlert! Through the contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

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