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Scientists discover tsunami-like ‘star earthquakes’ | science and technology news
Scientists have discovered that stars experience earthquakes similar to earthquakes on our planet.
Stellar earthquakes, officially known as non-radial oscillations, are tsunami-like motions on the crusts of stars that change the shape of the star with their strong force.
They were discovered based on data collected from nearly two billion stars in our galaxy by the Gaia Space Observatory, which was not originally built to detect these motions on the surface of stars.
ESA said: “Previously, Gaia has already found radial oscillations that cause stars to periodically swell and contract, maintaining their spherical shape. But Gaia has now also detected other oscillations that resemble large tidal waves.”
Image: New ESA Gaia data can show stellar mineral with color – with red stars much richer in minerals. Pic: ESA
Stellar earthquakes have been detected in thousands of stars, along with vibrations in stars that according to current theories shouldn’t have any earthquakes.
“Starquakes have taught us a lot about stars, especially their inner workings. Gaia opens a gold mine for ‘stellar science’ for massive stars,” said Connie Aerts of KU Leuven in Belgium, a member of the Gaia collaboration.
Gaia operates the European Space Agency, orbits Earth at a distance of about 1.5 million km – carrying two telescopes designed to create an accurate 3D map of the Milky Way.
This “DNA map” is a multidimensional catalog of asteroids, planets, stars and galaxies, and has revealed multiple discoveries with successive data releases.
Image: Gaia also shows interstellar dust throughout the Milky Way. Pic: ESA
The data includes a range of information “including chemical compositions, stellar temperatures, colours, masses, ages, and the speed with which stars are moving toward or away from us,” according to the European Space Agency.
Dr Nicholas Walton, one of the scientists from the University of Cambridge’s Institute of Astronomy, who worked on the project, said: “The release of key data from Gaia not only allows astronomers to map the distances and motions of about two billion stars in our galaxy, but also gives detailed measurements of the physical and chemical composition of a large number of of these beings for the first time.
“Using this amazing database, we can build a comprehensive picture of the Milky Way and delve into its amazing history of formation, seeing first-hand evidence of past violent interactions with other galaxies, and the inner cycles of intense star formation along its spiral arms.
Dr Walton added: “This new version of the data creates a detailed information bank, essentially serving as a DNA map that allows us to understand the stellar populations of our galaxy, and track its past, present and future.”
Sources 2/ https://news.sky.com/story/scientists-adiscover-tsunami-like-starquakes-similar-to-earthquakes-12633624 The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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