What is an earthquake? What are the causes and effects of seismic waves? Learn all about this natural occurrence

In the midst of a coronavirus pandemic, we also read about frequent earthquakes in different parts of the world. We know the basics in which Earth’s plates move during an earthquake, causing the Earth to vibrate. But what exactly is an earthquake and what are the causes? What makes the earth shake? In this article, we all tell you about earthquake waves and this natural disaster. Earthquakes: A very intense earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter scale hit Indonesia and another 6.1 earthquake measuring Singapore.

What is an earthquake?

An earthquake is a sudden shake of the Earth due to earthquake waves passing through the Earth’s crust. These waves are the result of the release of energy stored in the Earth’s crust. The rocks below the ground surface move or slip accidentally and create a fracture, the movement of which affects the structures built above the ground.

What causes an earthquake?

This is the most common question when it comes to earthquakes. What causes earth shake? Earthquakes occur in areas that coincide with tectonic plates. Tectonic plate is part of the lithosphere, which is a huge plate of hard rock. The size of these panels varies, and can range from a few hundred to thousands of kilometers. These panels change over time, like other earth’s surfaces. Much seismic activity is usually reported in the areas of these tectonic plate belts. The boundaries of the panels are rough and hang when the panels move. When the plate is moving enough, the edges move with force, causing an earthquake. Earthquakes occur naturally with the sudden release of energy inside the Earth’s crust rocks. The release of a flexible strain can cause major disruption to the surface. This is when seismic waves vibrate across the Earth and reach the top.

What are the effects of earthquakes?

Earth shake and rupture are the main effects of earthquakes that cause buildings and other structures to fall to the ground. If the epicenter is at the ocean surface, it may lead to tsunamis. It can cause severe storms, volcanic activity and landslides as well. This depends on the type of earthquake stroke. The first seismic measurements reveal the geologically active planet Mars.

Types of earthquakes

There are different types of earthquakes that depend on their causes. The most common and damaging are tectonic earthquakes caused by the movement of tectonic plates. Other types of earthquakes are human-induced earthquakes, which are caused by human activities such as building tunnels, filling tanks and implementing geothermal projects. Volcanic earthquakes are earthquakes that occur due to an eruption of a volcano. Movement due to pressure changes around rocks near magma below the surface.

(The above story first appeared on LastLY on Jul 07, 2020 01:49 PM IST. For more news and updates about politics, the world, sports, entertainment and lifestyle, log on to our newly.com website.)

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