Indonesia: Earthquakes and Tsunami – Report of the Sulawesi 20-Month Emergency Action Plan (MDRID013) – Indonesia

This update of operations reflects the achievements of the past 20 months (until 12 June 2020) and reports the publication of the revised Central Sulawesi Emergency Action Plan (EPOA).

It necessitated amending the Central EPAA Law in Sulawesi due to changes in the operational environment due to the effects of COVID-19 on the communities affected by the earthquake and tsunami as well as on field activities. There are activities that will continue as planned while some of them will have to be postponed or canceled. The review also includes plans to mitigate health risks to PMI and IFRC staff in the field, responses to mitigate the health and secondary social and economic impacts of the epidemic on populations vulnerable to earthquake and tsunamis, and the expected timeframe for government regulations on preventive measures aimed at reducing virus transmission.

Major changes to the work plan (from second revision):

• Multipurpose cash grants: Increase the number of families receiving assistance by 750 (9,250 families in total)

Livelihoods: Eliminate support for small businesses; Postponement of vocational training

• Health: remove ERU training and build EMT repositories; Postpone health training and blood donation campaign; Purchase personal protective equipment for PMI staff and volunteers (including ambulance personnel)

• Water, sanitation and hygiene: Postponement of rehabilitation of water facilities in schools and communities, as well as corresponding sessions of water and sanitation programs in schools and communities; Inclusion of 40,000 units of “self-sterilization kits” (in response to the COVID-19 epidemic at the household level)

Disaster risk reduction: reducing the number of target villages from 24 to 16; Disaster risk reduction activities have been postponed until community gatherings are allowed to resume.

• The total number of targeted households has increased from 20,000 to 40,000 as “self-clearance kits” will be provided on a larger scale.

Description of the disaster

Updated information on the damage caused by the disaster and its effects.

On September 28, 2018, a series of strong earthquakes struck Central Sulawesi Province. The strongest was measuring 7.4 degrees and 10 kilometers deep with the epicenter in Donggala Regency, near the provincial capital Palu.

The earthquake caused a tsunami of up to three meters in some areas, and hit Thales Beach in Palu and Donggala. Earthquakes and tsunamis, and the resulting liquefaction and landslides, have caused severe damage and loss of life in the affected areas.

As of 18 July 2019, the government reported that 4,140 people had died in the disaster, of whom 1,016 had not been identified; Another 705 people are still missing. More than 4,400 people were seriously injured and more than 110,000 homes were destroyed, damaged or lost due to an earthquake, tsunami or liquefaction. Of these, 27,662 were severely damaged, while more than 6,500 were lost (mainly due to liquefaction). In the aftermath, approximately 173,000 people were displaced. Currently, some people live in government-built barracks (huntaras), while others take refuge in their damaged homes or with their relatives in other or within their own societies.

More than 320 health facilities were affected in the region and the community, in addition to 1,300 schools. The state of the government’s response in the recovery phase.

COVID-19 in Indonesia and Central Sulawesi Province

On April 13, 2020, the government declared a state of emergency for COVID-19 as an unnatural disaster in Indonesia. The number of confirmed cases has continued to increase significantly since the first two cases were announced in March 2020. Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health as of June 10, 2020, 34,316 people were positive, including 1959 fatal cases. On March 10, 2020, the Indonesian Ministry of Health activated 132 referral hospitals in 33 provinces to manage COVID-19 cases. The government has also established a Quarantine and Treatment Emergency Hospital COVID-19 on Galang Island, Riau Islands Province.

The announcement allows the government to summon the authorities to facilitate entry of international aid, as well as to generate or allocate funds to cope with the epidemic. The president also formed the COVID-19 Acceleration Team, headed by BNPB (National Disaster Management Agency) as head of the workforce. BNBP mentioned a 91-day state of emergency regarding the epidemic from February 29 to May 29, 2020. Teams of 25 provinces have been created, including 11 provinces that declared a state of emergency. The task force is appointed to lead prevention, response and recovery activities, as well as to recruit experts to support responses. The task force is also required to consult the policy plan with the chair of the national task force.

On March 16, 2020, the Ministry of Interior issued temporary restrictions on the export of disinfectants and materials needed to manufacture masks and personal protective equipment (PPE). On April 3, 2020, the Ministry of Health issued guidelines for extensive social restrictions (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, PSBB). The guidelines restrict public activities in some provinces that have been exposed to COVID-19. The regulations also became the basis for the closure of schools and offices; Restrictions on religious activities in societal areas, activities in public places and facilities, and social and cultural activities; Restrict public transportation, private vehicles and other restrictions related to defense and security aspects. On April 10, Jakarta, which has the most positive cases in Indonesia, became the first province to grow PSBB. On April 21, the government also banned the traditional “Mudik” or mass exodus of people to go to the original provinces, from April 24, 2020 until June 1.

All 34 provinces in Indonesia are identified with positive states: the top five highest numbers are in the provinces of DKI Jakarta, West Java, Banten, East Java, and South Sulawesi.

In Sulawesi medium, the number of positive cases of COVID-19 has steadily increased, with 184 confirmed cases to date. Of these, 29 were from Palu (the provincial capital). Several hospitals are designated by the Regional Health Office as referral hospitals COVID-19. However, governorate testing capacity remains low, with a maximum of 27 possible tests per day.

The provincial governor also issued a decree regulating the movements of foreigners, foreign workers and Indonesian migrant workers to stop the transmission of the virus. Roads, airports and ports have also been organized with only cross-border movement permitted from 06:00 to 22:00. There are also long-distance regulations, especially in public places and markets.

NGOs in the area, most of which were responding to the 2018 tsunami and earthquake, are coordinating COVID-19 to track activities and provide support to the provincial government. NGOs have submitted requests to revitalize the health cluster, including psychosocial support, to provide a formal coordination mechanism for all actors in the governorate.

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