Homes evacuated in Italy after the strongest earthquake in 40 years near a massive volcano Italy

Homes were evacuated and many people slept in their cars or on the streets after the strongest earthquake in 40 years shook the area around the sprawling Campi Flegrei volcano near Naples.

The 4.4-magnitude earthquake in Pozzuoli, a densely populated coastal city, was followed by 150 earthquakes that were also felt strongly by the residents of Naples.

Local media reports said cracks formed in buildings and pieces of construction collapsed. Schools were closed on Tuesday in Pozzuoli and a group of towns and districts in Naples.

“We left our house in the middle of the night and went to our son’s house in Vomero [Naples]said Mimmo Pignatelli, who lives in Solvatara, a town adjacent to one of Campi Flegrei's 24 ancient volcanic craters.

“We are used to earthquakes – but this one was very scary because it was the strongest in 40 years. We felt the ground moving as we walked.”

An aerial view of the populous coastal city of Pozzuoli. Photograph: Roberto Salomon/The Guardian

Seismic activity in Campi Flegrei, which is inhabited by at least 360,000 people in seven of the most vulnerable populated centers, has intensified in the past two years, with the frequency and strength of earthquakes increasing with the increasing volcanic craters, which is the basin located in the Campi Flegrei area. The summit of the volcano weakens, and pressure increases beneath it. This causes the ground to rise and the volcano's crust to expand.

Mauro De Vito, director of the Vesuvius Observatory of the National Institute of Geophysics in Italy, said, “The Earth continues to rise at a rate of 2 cm per month, which is a higher rate than last year, and unfortunately it appears to be continuing at this rate.” Volcanology (INGV) told journalists. He added: “We expect similar earthquakes… I cannot predict, but we can expect the swarm to continue.”

The Italian government has developed a mass evacuation plan, and trial tests are expected to be carried out at the end of May.

The 7-mile-long Campi Flegrei caldera is much larger than the neighboring cone-shaped Volcano Vesuvius, which destroyed the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in AD 79, and is much more active.

Caldera Solvatara, a shallow volcanic crater in Pozzuoli emits jets of steam with sulfur fumes. Photography: Brian Harris/Alamy

The giant volcano has been in a state of unrest for more than 70 years as a result of a phenomenon known as bradyism, which scientists understand as the gradual movement of part of the Earth's surface due to filling or emptying of an underground magma chamber or hydrothermal activity. . The last time Campi Flegrei experienced a similar wave of earthquakes was in the early 1980s.

Christopher Kilburn, a professor at University College London, led a study that described the caldera as heading toward a “collapse point.”

He said: “When there was a crisis 40 years ago, it suddenly stopped, but it is not yet clear whether what is happening today is completely similar. So we have to be very careful. “The question is: Can we see an evolution in fracture behaviour… Is there any evidence that smaller fractures grow to become larger?”

Campi Flegrei was formed 39,000 years ago after a volcanic eruption emptied it of magma. Its last major eruption was in 1538.

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