A deeper look at where the big event could really happen | National Salvation Front

For the first time, NSF-funded researchers have revealed a detailed look at the potential for a major earthquake off the coast of southern British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and northern California.

The new study describes the Cascadia subduction zone, which includes a “megathrust” fault, where the largest earthquakes initiate and propagate, informing the potential risks of earthquakes and tsunamis.

The Cascadia Subduction Zone is 600 miles long and marks where the Juan de Fuca Plate is subducted beneath the North American Plate. “Although we previously had great information about the depth and geometry of the large thrust portion located deep underground in the subduction zone, we had sparse information about the very important offshore portion where large destructive earthquakes begin because it is hidden beneath the seafloor,” said Susan Carbutt. , lead author and marine geophysicist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.

To get to the latter part, Carbot and a team of researchers led an NSF-funded cruise in 2021 aboard the MG Langseth, part of the NSF-supported academic research fleet, equipped with marine instruments that broadcast and record pulses of sound. It can penetrate the seabed.

The researchers then read the echoes and converted them into images, such as ultrasound, to characterize the geometry and overlying sediments of the Juan de Fuca Plate and the structure of the overriding North American Plate.

They found that the Great Thrust Fault is not one continuous structure, but is divided into at least four parts, each of which is likely unaffected by the movements of the others. Longer segments may cause longer ruptures and larger earthquakes, so movement on one segment can be isolated from motion on the other.

“Our findings will directly help people studying earthquake and tsunami risks in the region,” Carbot said.

The team published its findings in the journal Science Advances.

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