Here are the 4 most important earthquakes in southern Ontario | News

You'd never know it, but southern Ontario has been hit by three earthquakes in two weeks, the last two occurring on Wednesday, June 12 and another on May 30.

The June 12 earthquakes occurred north of Peterborough and north of Belleville, and the May 30 earthquake was in Georgian Bay north of Wiarton.

To be honest, they were all small, the one just north of Peterborough at 1.9 on the Richter scale, the one north of Belleville at 1, and the one on May 30 in Georgian Bay at 1.6.

But again, southern Ontario is not a marked seismic zone, Allison Bent, a seismic research scientist with the Canadian Hazards Information Service, explained in an email interview.

“I searched our earthquake catalog for earthquakes of magnitude 4 or greater and found only four in the southern Ontario region,” she said.

This goes back 70 years.

She added: “All of them are less than 5 degrees.”

But she added one caveat.

“However, it is possible that larger quakes were felt by some residents of southern Ontario but that their epicenters were in western Quebec, eastern Ontario or on the US side of Lake Ontario.”

But for the four major earthquakes with their epicenters in southern Ontario, here's their list.

April 27, 1954: Magnitude 4.1, eight kilometers northwest of St. Catharines. July 22, 1958: Magnitude 4.3, 20 km east of Welland. February 20, 2005: 4.3 degrees, felt in Owen Sound, Parry Sound and area. April 20, 2018: 4.1 degrees, seven kilometers east of Amherstburg

She noted that southern Ontario's relative safety from high-impact earthquakes is shown in Natural Resources Canada's “Simplified Ontario Seismic Hazard Map.”

Ontario seismic hazard map.

By natural resources map of canada

“You can see that the risk to the area where these recent earthquakes occurred is very low but slightly higher than in the Northern Canadian Shield,” she said of the map. But she added that large earthquakes in “orange” zones could be felt by residents of southern Ontario.

She confirmed that the three recent earthquakes that struck southern Ontario did not generate any reports that we were aware of, and we did not expect them to occur.

“A magnitude of 2-2.5 is generally considered the minimum a person might feel but this is not a hard rule. At this magnitude, one should be very close to the earthquake and relatively free of other noise sources.”

She explained that even those at the bottom of Georgian Bay likely went unnoticed except for the sensitive instruments used by scientists.

“It would have been too small to affect the wave height in Georgian Bay.”

Not only are the earthquakes that have struck southern Ontario historically small, they are historically rare.

“The number can vary, but there are usually only a few earthquakes in southern Ontario each year, and they are usually all small (less than magnitude 3),” Bent said.

Regarding the reason for their occurrence, she explained that “most earthquakes occur along the boundaries between plates. The closest border is the Mid-Atlantic Mountain Range (recent volcanic eruptions in Iceland are linked to the MAR).

“However, stresses from plate boundaries can travel over long distances and cause earthquakes far from the plate boundaries in the interior of the plates.

“These earthquakes likely occur on ancient, reactivated faults, but because they are too small to rupture the Earth's surface, we cannot link a specific earthquake to a specific fault.

“This also applies to larger earthquakes in eastern Canada.”

For more information, visit the Earthquakes Canada website.

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