How Near-Daily GPS Highlights Early Post-Earthquake Deformities

Post-earthquake deformation patterns of the 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule earthquake. a. Horizontal and vertical components of seismic displacement calculated by the fast (10-min) and daily (24-h) solutions, and their difference for the horizontal and vertical components (b). Red and blue arrows indicate the semi-daily (fast) and daily solutions, respectively. Copyright: Satellite Navigation (2024). DOI: 10.1186/s43020-024-00145-6

The consequences of an earthquake are characterized by complex post-earthquake modifications, especially early slip, which is difficult to detect. Daily seismic monitoring has had difficulty detecting the rapid and complex ground motions that occur in the critical hours following an earthquake.

The complexities of these early activities and their profound implications for seismic hazard assessment highlight the urgent need for more accurate and real-time monitoring technologies.

In a paper published July 29, 2024 in the journal Satellite Navigation, Wuhan University researchers report their detailed examination of the early slip of the Maoli earthquake. Using near-daily GPS solutions, the study provides a comprehensive account of the Earth’s surface deformations that occurred in the pivotal hours following the earthquake.

This study uses near-daily GPS data to provide a high-resolution image of the 2010 M8.8 Maule earthquake. This innovative approach captures rapid ground deformations that typically escape daily GPS measurements, revealing an approximately 10% reduction in overestimation of earthquake displacement.

The research demonstrates the dominance of post-slip in the first 36 hours, overriding the porosity-elastic effects, and contributes significantly to seismic hazard assessment. The results enhance the clarity and depth of our understanding of post-earthquake ground dynamics, providing a powerful tool for improving early warning systems and disaster response strategies.

“Our research demonstrates the ability of near-daily GPS to capture the complex dynamics of early slip, which is critical for assessing seismic hazards and deciphering post-earthquake fault behavior,” said study co-author Dr. Yangmao Wen.

The deployment of GPS in seismic studies heralds a new era in risk management. It enables more accurate and rapid assessment of post-earthquake activities, allowing for more effective responses to earthquake impacts.

The improved accuracy of early afterslip measurements is expected to improve aftershock predictions, enhance emergency preparedness, and mitigate earthquake exposure in vulnerable communities. This advance in geodetic monitoring represents a step toward a deeper understanding of earthquake dynamics and their societal implications.

More information: Kai Liu et al, Rapid early afterslip characteristics of the 2010 moment amount amount (Mw) 8.8 Maule ceased with sub-day GPS solutions, Satellite Navigation (2024). DOI: 10.1186/s43020-024-00145-6

Provided by Wuhan University

Citation: Mapping the Invisible: How Near-Daily GPS Sheds Light on Early Postseismic Deformation (2024, August 5) Retrieved August 5, 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2024-08-invisible-daily-gps-early-postseismic.html

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