New research reveals Petrinja earthquake caused the ground to move more than 15 inches

The December 2020 Petrinja earthquake in Croatia caused significant displacement, with research revealing up to 40 centimeters of horizontal movement and 20 centimeters of vertical movement. These findings suggest that tectonic shifts in the region are primarily driven by individual earthquakes rather than gradual movement, providing crucial insights into regional earthquake safety. Copyright: SciTechDaily.com

The 6.4 magnitude earthquake that struck near the Croatian city of Petrinja in December 2020 had repercussions throughout Croatia and several neighboring countries. It caused extensive damage in the region.

In December 2020, a 6.4 magnitude earthquake struck near the Croatian town of Petrinja, causing extensive damage felt in Croatia and neighboring countries. A recent collaboration between Croatian and Hungarian researchers has analyzed the horizontal and vertical displacement caused by the earthquake, providing insights into a regional geodynamic context.

The displacement caused by the Petrinja earthquake has already been estimated in several previous works. The newly published results are methodologically novel in that they use an unprecedented amount of geodetic data to reconstruct the 3D motions. In addition to the InSAR data (from the Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission), data from three hundred GNSS stations re-operated from low-degree triangulated GNSS networks were processed.

The results showed that the horizontal displacement at the epicenter reached 40 centimeters (15.7 inches) in some places, and a maximum of 20 centimeters (7.9 inches) in the vertical direction.

Historical context and tectonic implications

The last earthquake of this magnitude in the area was the one that struck Zagreb in 1880. Over the 140 years between the two earthquakes, the horizontal displacement of the area today, measured by GPS stations, of between 2 and 4 millimeters per year – a local manifestation of plate tectonics – would cause displacement on a scale similar to that observed in the recent earthquake.

This indicates that displacement caused by global tectonics and plate movements in the Petrinja-Zagreb area occurs mostly through single events, earthquakes, rather than continuous movement.

This is important information not only for Croatia when assessing earthquake safety, but also for the surrounding regions.

Reference: “Largest geodetic seismic assessment of the 6.4 magnitude Petrinja earthquake in 2020” by Marko Pavasovic, Drago Babic, Antonio Pancu, and Gabor Timar, June 10, 2024, Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.3390/rs16122112

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