Swarm of earthquakes on Reykjanes Ridge, Iceland

The Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) recorded a total of 258 earthquakes on or near Reykjanes Ridge in the 48 hours up to 20:15 UTC on 30 December 2024, with activity concentrated around Eldey and nearby sites.

Among the total events, there were 104 earthquakes with a magnitude of less than 1. These small earthquakes often go unnoticed by residents but are essential for understanding the ongoing seismic processes in the region.

Another 137 earthquakes of magnitude between 1 and 2 were recorded, accounting for the majority of seismic events.

Fifteen earthquakes between magnitude 2 and 3 were recorded, strong enough to be felt locally.

Two earthquakes exceeded magnitude 3, with the strongest magnitude 3.6 earthquake occurring at 13:55 UTC on 29 December, at a depth of 9.9 km (6.1 mi) and located 3.7 km (2.2 mi) northeast of Elde.

The recent seismic activity has been attributed to tectonic movements along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge where the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates are diverging.

“The earthquakes are fairly strong, with two of them measuring more than 3, and several others just below that, occurring early this morning and later after,” noted Bovar Svensson, a natural hazards specialist at the International Maritime Organization. noon”.

Svensson added: “It is likely due to the movements of tectonic plates, but so far there are no signs of a volcanic tremor.”

Image credit: IMO

The area is part of the Reykjanes volcanic system and is known for frequent seismic and volcanic activity due to its location along the Mid-Atlantic Mountain Range. The system includes numerous rows of post-glacial basalt craters and small shield volcanoes.

The Reykjanes volcanic system has a long history of eruptions with 20 confirmed eruptive periods from the Holocene era. Historical records include events as recent as the 13th century, where volcanic eruptions along NE-SW fissure systems formed new craters and lava flows. Submarine eruptions have also been observed to occasionally form ephemeral islands.

Major eruptions include the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption about 36,000 years ago and the Naples Yellow eruption 15,000 years ago.

References:

1 Reykjanes Ridge – Earthquakes in the last 48 hours – IMO – 30 December 2024

2 Strong seismic swarm at Reykjanes Ridge – Reykjavik Grapevine – December 30, 2024

3 Reykjanes – GVP – Accessed 30 December 2024

Article writer profile

Rishika holds a Master's degree in International Studies from Stella Maris College, Chennai, India, where she received a Gold Medal, and an MCA from Mysore University, Karnataka, India. She previously worked as a Research Assistant at the National Institute for Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India. During her tenure, she contributed as a junior writer to Europe Monitor on the world politics website and as an assistant editor for The World This Week. Her works have also been published in The Hindu, demonstrating her expertise in global affairs. Rishika has also received the District Level Women Empowerment Award in Haryana, India, in 2022.

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