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Global health gains face the threat of reversal

Global health gains face the threat of reversal


According to World health statistics 2026 according to the report published today by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Although the past decade has seen significant improvements in global health, with millions benefiting from better prevention, treatment and access to basic services, persistent and new challenges mean the world remains off track to achieve any of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030.

Significant progress noted in the report includes:

  • new HIV infections fell by 40% between 2010 and 2024;
  • both tobacco use and alcohol consumption have declined since 2010; and
  • the number of people requiring interventions for neglected tropical diseases fell by 36% between 2010 and 2024.

Access to services that shape health outcomes expanded rapidly between 2015 and 2024. During this period, 961 million people gained access to safely managed drinking water, 1.2 billion to sanitation, 1.6 billion to basic hygiene, and 1.4 billion to clean cooking solutions.

Encouragingly, the African region of the WHO has achieved reductions in HIV (-70%) and tuberculosis (-28%) faster than the global one, and the South-East Asia region is on track to meet its 2025 malaria reduction milestone.

However, challenges remain. For example, malaria incidence has increased by 8.5% since 2015, moving the world further away from global targets, while overall progress remains highly uneven across regions.

Preventable risks continue to undermine health, slowing progress. Anemia affects 30.7% of women of reproductive age, without improvement in the last decade. The prevalence of overweight among children under the age of five will reach 5.5% in 2024. Violence against women remains widespread, with intimate partner violence affecting 1 in 4 women worldwide. These permanent risks emphasize the urgent need for a stronger policy of prevention and social protection.

“These data speak to progress and persistent inequality, with many people – especially women, children and those in underserved communities – still denied the basic conditions for a healthy life,” said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “Investing in stronger, fairer health systems, including resilient health data systems, is critical to targeting action, closing gaps and ensuring accountability.”

There is an urgent need to protect progress under pressure

Progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) has slowed sharply. Global UHC service coverage index rising only slightly from 68 to 71 between 2015 and 2023. One quarter of the global population faced financial hardship due to health costs, and 1.6 billion people lived in poverty or were pushed into poverty by out-of-pocket health spending in 2022. At the same time, childhood vaccination coverage remains below target, with immunity gaps contributing to outbreaks.

Although global maternal mortality has fallen by 40% since 2000, it is still almost three times higher than the 2030 target. Mortality among children under five has fallen by 51%, but many countries are not on track. Progress in reducing premature death from non-communicable diseases has slowed significantly since 2015.

Many of the drivers of ill health—dietary, behavioral, and environmental risks—are not being corrected quickly enough. Air pollution contributed to an estimated 6.6 million deaths worldwide in 2021, while inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene contributed to 1.4 million deaths in 2019.

“These trends reflect too many deaths that could have been avoided,” said Dr Yukiko Nakatani, WHO’s Assistant Director-General for Health Systems, Access and Data. “With growing environmental risks, health emergencies and a worsening health financing crisis, we must act urgently – strengthen primary health care, invest in prevention and secure sustainable funding to build resilient health systems and get back on track.”

The COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed vulnerabilities in global health systems. Between 2020 and 2023, it is associated with an estimated 22.1 million excess deaths, including indirect deaths. This is more than three times the number of officially reported deaths from COVID-19. This reveals the scale of the pandemic’s global impact, reversing a decade of gains in life expectancy, with the recovery remaining incomplete and uneven across regions.

Better data, better health decisions

The report highlights major data gaps that prevent a full assessment of progress. By the end of 2025, only 18% of countries were reporting mortality data to WHO within one year, and almost one-third had never reported data on cause of death. Only one-third of countries meet WHO standards for high-quality mortality data, while about half have low-, very-low-quality, or no data at all. Of the estimated 61 million deaths worldwide in 2023, only about one-third were reported with cause-of-death data, and only about one-fifth had meaningful data. International classification of diseases (ICD) coded data.

“Data gaps severely limit the ability to track health trends in real time, compare outcomes across countries, and design effective public health responses,” said Dr. Alain Labrique, Director of the Department of Data, Digital Health, Analytics and Artificial Intelligence. “Efforts by countries to invest in stronger systems, digitization and improved reporting standards are encouraging and should be sustained – they are essential to enable countries to collect, integrate, analyze and use health data for better decisions.”

The World Health Statistics 2026 report sends a clear message: while global health efforts are producing results, progress is fragile and insufficient. Accelerated action, stronger health systems and improved data are urgently needed to restore progress towards the 2030 health goals.

ABOUT WHO

Committed to the well-being of all people and guided by science, the World Health Organization leads and supports global efforts to give everyone, everywhere, an equal opportunity to live a safe and healthy life.

We are the UN health agency that connects nations, partners and people on the front lines in more than 150 locations – leading the world’s response to health emergencies, preventing disease, addressing the root causes of health problems and expanding access to medicines and healthcare. Our mission is to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable.

“Together for health. Let’s stand by science”, is the theme World Health Day 2026marks a year-long campaign to highlight science as the foundation for protecting health and well-being around the world.

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