Uganda: A 4.5 magnitude earthquake shakes Uganda

A 4.5 magnitude earthquake struck Uganda on Sunday evening, sending tremors across the epicenter in the center of the country, with parts of the west, east and parts of the Northern Corridor experiencing one of the most widely felt seismic events in recent months.

Preliminary data from international monitoring systems, including the US Geological Survey, put the quake’s magnitude at 4.5, while GeoTech reported an identical magnitude of 4.49.

The epicenter of the earthquake was located near Nakasongula at approximately 21:19 local time, in Uganda’s central seismic belt.

The earthquake was superficial, a factor that likely contributed to it being widely perceived in multiple areas of the country.

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Shallow earthquakes tend to transmit stronger surface shaking over large areas even when their magnitude is moderate.

Reports indicate that the quake was felt throughout central Uganda, including Kampala and surrounding areas, extending east to Jinja and west to parts of the Albertine region.

Northern Uganda also recorded mild shaking, consistent with seismic waves propagating through the rift valley system.

The Directorate of Geological Surveys and Mines had not issued an official public statement about the event at the time of publication, with early confirmation instead coming from international earthquake monitoring agencies.

Uganda lies along the Albertine Fault, which is part of the East African Rift System, a tectonically active area where the African plate is slowly splitting apart.

This geological situation exposes the country to frequent seismic activity, typically between magnitude 4 and 6, with stronger events occasionally occurring along fault lines extending into the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The strongest recorded earthquake associated with the Uganda seismic zone remains the magnitude 7.2 event on 20 May 1990, which struck the Western Fault Zone near the Uganda-DR Congo border area.

Although far from major population centres, it represents the strongest seismic event in the country’s recorded history.

In recent decades, a 5.9 magnitude earthquake on September 10, 2016, southwest of Kampala, generated widespread tremors across central and western Uganda, underscoring the country’s vulnerability to regional fault-induced seismic activity.

Uganda also experienced a notable series of earthquakes during 2005-2006, particularly around the Lake Albert rift system.

These events caused structural damage in the western regions, caused landslides in mountainous areas, and were felt by the residents of Kampala due to the transmission of seismic waves across the central plateau.

The recent magnitude 4.5 event, although moderate, reinforces Uganda’s position within one of Africa’s most active continental rift systems.

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Many residents said the quake was unusually strong and had not occurred for a long time.

One resident said: “The shaking was intense. At first, we thought the whole house was moving.”

Others described hearing strange roaring noises before feeling the ground shake.

Another resident explained: “It felt like the earth was rotating beneath us.”

Seismologists point out that such quakes are consistent with ongoing tectonic movement along fault lines beneath the Western and Central Corridors.

Further evaluation from national geological authorities is expected as monitoring continues to identify any seismic activity and improve the event’s final parameters.

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