The Canaanite Palace was abandoned 3,700 years ago. Archaeologists finally know why.

It took six years to come to terms with the idea that an earthquake might have destroyed the Canaanite Palace, said Assaf Yasur Landau of the University of Haifa, co-director of exploration and co-author of a study published today in PLoS One.

“I wanted to make absolutely sure we cut each time and cut everything off before we got to that conclusion,” he says. “It is very important not to be enthusiastic and to do good science. Otherwise, it is really bad for the science, and also for the community we serve.”

In 2011, the Tell Kabri team began to uncover a trench that seemed to directly penetrate the palace. At first, archaeologists assumed it was modern, perhaps an irrigation canal for the avocado farm that surrounded the site, or perhaps it was excavated during the 1948 war between the Arabs and Israel.

“There was a battle in 1948 on the other side of the road,” says Eric Klein, co-director of Tell Capri of George Washington University. “In our remarks we used to call it a modern tank trench.”

However, over the course of several seasons of excavation, archaeologists began to notice features in the palace that did not appear to be entirely correct. Some walls have been slightly offset. Some floors were slightly “wavy,” or angled, or perforated, likely due to heavy objects falling from a height.

By 2019, 100 feet of trench had been uncovered, and archaeologists noted that three tracks from the palace wall appear to have fallen into the moat.

“At that point, we looked at each other, and the district superintendent said,“ I don’t think this is a modern trench. “I think this is an old trench,” Cline recalls. And one of us said, “Mn an earthquake?” “And we were like, yeah, maybe. Let’s call Michael.”

Michael Lazar, a research scientist in the Department of Marine Geosciences at the University of Haifa and lead author of the PLoS One paper, visited a large hill in 2013 when the team first discovered a wine storage room. “I saw a group of tractors smashed because of a collapsed roof,” he recalls. Assaf said: What do you think? And I said an earthquake. Assaf said: No, what do you think of the reason for that? “

Now, six years later, experts have stood around the moat and speculated that it was an earthquake fault. It may have been the result of liquefaction (when the saturated soil loses its structure), either from a direct hit by an earthquake or a byproduct of an earthquake farther from a distance that disturbed the water level of a large hill.

The researchers then began to analyze the fine grains of sediments that covered the floor of the palace and found that it was a messy fall from the plaster and the broken wall, laid in a single event. The absence of mud showed that the floor had not been exposed to the elements for a while before the sediment layer covered it. This was an instant event, not a slow degradation.

Taken together, then all strange features begin to make sense: offset walls; Sloping floors filled with pits; Smashing huge earthenware wine jars in place; Microgeological evidence. And the slit that divided the palace into two parts. In addition, records of sediments from the Dead Sea indicate an earthquake in the area around 1700 BC, which is the time when the palace was abandoned. An earthquake would be the only possible explanation.

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