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How fast is the Indian Ocean warming?

 



Los Angeles scientists analyzed the sound of earthquakes on the surface of the sea and developed a unique method for discovering how quickly the Indian Ocean is heating up. Scientists hope that improving this method will help monitor the temperature of all oceans at a relatively low cost. According to researchers from various institutions, including the US-based California Institute of Technology (Caltech), 95 percent of the excess heat on Earth is in the seas in the form of green gases like carbon dioxide. Therefore it is important to monitor the temperature of the sea water.

In this study, published in the journal Science, scientists used current earthquake monitoring devices in addition to historical earthquake data to find out how much ocean temperature is changing and how it is changing. The temperature information was obtained even in the deepest places which was not possible with traditional tools.

Scientists analyzed 3,000 kilometers of the eastern tropical part of the Indian Ocean and found that the temperature fluctuated between 2005 and 2016. The decadal warming pattern is also much higher than previous estimates. Scientists said that according to an estimate, the sea is warming 70 percent faster, contrary to so far imagined.

However, he seemed to avoid any immediate conclusion as more data still needed to be collected and analyzed. The study paper’s co-author and Coltec affiliate John Callis confirmed that the method used with the help of earthquake-induced underwater earthquake is robust and can travel long distances without weakening at sea.

Most of the energy travels through the earth when an earthquake occurs under the sea, the researchers said, but part of the energy travels as sound in the water. He said that sound waves come out from the epicenter, in the same way that geomagnetic waves travel through the earth, but sound waves move at a low speed.

The study confirms that seismic waves reach the seismic center first, and then sound waves are secondary signals for the same event. He said that as the sea warms, so does the speed of sound. In such a case, use the time taken for the sound waves to travel a certain distance to determine the temperature of the sea water.

The scientists said that the rate of seawater temperature rise could also be determined by analyzing data from upcoming earthquakes in the same location. “ We took for example seismic seas off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia and measured the time taken for sound waves to reach the Indian Ocean, ” said Wimbo Wu, a California Institute of Technology partner and lead author of the study. ”

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