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human cases and animal infections are declining as Angola becomes endemic
Twenty cases of human diseases of dracunculiasis (guinea worm) were reported to the WHO from January to the end of July this year, compared to 33 cases in humans for the corresponding period of 2019. This represents a decrease of 39%.
Number of infected animals buski, which has seen a growth trend in recent years, has also declined. In late July, a total of 1,148 dogs, 45 cats and 3 baboons were found to be infected. This represents a decrease of 25% over the same period last year.
At the same time, Angola has been called endemic, after reporting laboratory-confirmed indigenous cases for three years in a row. So far this year, six countries have reported human cases: Angola (1), Cameroon (1), Chad (9), Ethiopia (7), Mali (1) and South Sudan (1).
Angola
After reporting indigenous human cases for three years in a row, Angola is now officially a country of endemic dracunculias. The most recent case, recorded in March 2020, involves a 15-year-old from the village of Ofenda in Namacunde municipality, Cunene province. The first case was discovered in the village of Oluxua ya Kalunga in Namacunde municipality in April 2018. The second case was discovered in Ndelem1 village in Cuvelai municipality in January 2019 in Cunene province, along with confirmed canine dogs D. medinensis infection in the village of Ofenda in Namacunde municipality in April 2019.
The WHO and the Carter Center are working with the National Guinea Worm Eradication Program (GWEP) to strengthen surveillance in the province.
Chad
Chad has made remarkable progress in reducing the number of animal infections to 1143, reported between January and July 2020, with 1563 infected dogs reported in the same period in 2019. GWEP continues its surveillance and eradication activities despite COVID-19.
With the support of the Carter Center, GWEP is stepping up measures to combat transmission by large proactively tethered dogs in endemic communities. Chad reported 9 human cases from January to the end of July 2020, compared to 38 in the same period in 2019.
Ethiopia
GWEP continued to monitor the situation in Gog district in the Gambella region after the outbreak in the village of Duli in April 2020.
A total of 7 confirmed human cases are the result of exposure to a common source of contaminated drinking water near the village of Duli. The transfer from all cases was reported to be contained.
From January to July 2020, Ethiopia reported D. medinensis infection in 3 babushkas and 2 dogs, with 1 suspected human case and infection in 1 dog and 7 domestic cats.
All cat infections (and suspected human cases) were discovered at the Pugnido Agnuak refugee camp in Gog County in July-August 2020.
Little
Mali, after 4 consecutive years of zero cases, reported his first human case in 2020. The case, discovered in Macina County, was probably infected during a visit to the Mopti region in June-September 2019. Mali last reported an indigenous human case in November 2015. Despite political instability and insecurity in many parts of the country, GWEP is taking the necessary steps to increase surveillance and limit transmission.
South Sudan
One case of people was confirmed in South Sudan in July. The case was contained and the investigation showed no potential for further transfer. Despite political instability and uncertainty, GWEP is taking the necessary steps to strengthen oversight and curb transmission.
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