Pandemic insurance warns New Delhi of earthquake hazards

Written by: Ramesh Singh, Ph.D., College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Chapman University

Efficient transfer of energy from the epicenter of the 3.8-magnitude earthquake northeast of New Delhi, coupled with the calming of urban noise due to the closure of COVID-19, made the earthquake noticeable by many in the capital region of India.

Quotation: Singh, R. , 2020, pandemic closure warns New Delhi of earthquake hazards, Templore, http://doi.org/10.32858/temblor.087

A small earthquake struck near the National Capital Region of India at 5:15 pm. Local time on Sunday. According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), a 3.8-magnitude earthquake arose about 6 miles (10 kilometers) deep. In general, this small earthquake does not hurt, and on a normal day, most people will not notice it. The U.S. Geological Survey reported that in this case, the earthquake was felt widely.

Sunday’s 3.8 magnitude earthquake felt throughout the metropolitan area. Credit: Template

The intensity of the earthquake varies

The intensity – intensity – of the earthquake is a function of a number of factors, including rock type, background noise, and distance from the epicenter. This should not be confused with earthquake size, which is one value that basically describes the magnitude of an earthquake. However, the intensity can vary, even within a relatively small area.

The earthquake, which occurred on Sunday northeast of New Delhi and about 5 miles (8 km) from Akhbar, was in NCR. The region is located in the eastern part of the Indian Ganges plain. The bulk of the plain is moved by a thick pile of accumulated sediments deposited by the Indus over millions of years. However, New Delhi and neighboring Delhi-Haridwar Ridge, are located above the volcanic volcanic basement. Unlike sediments, these types of hard rock efficiently transmit seismic energy from the epicenter.

The energy from the earthquake is likely to transfer efficiently and quickly across Delhi-Hardwar Ridge, which is why the seismic vibrations are felt by people who live in the National Capital Region. Credit: Godin, L. and Harris, L.B., 2014, Fig.2a, Geophysical Journal International

NCR is not unfamiliar with earthquakes. Those in the area felt a previous earthquake in as far afield as the northern Himalayas. Solid basement rocks in Delhi-Haridwar Ridge are likely to play a major role in transmitting seismic energy through NCR.

Quiet capital

A number of recent reports show that while major urban areas are under closure due to COVID-19, significant declines in human activity are removing seismic airways across the planet. Seismometers detect less seismic “noise” – a daily hum caused by our movements – than usual. Background noise usually mask vibration from small earthquakes.

India, like many other countries, is under a closure order. Because the earthquake struck while most people were sheltering in their homes and daily background noise was limited, this small earthquake was noticeable. The USGS “Have you felt it?” Sunday earthquake map recorded 242 responses. Last year, a 4.0 magnitude earthquake struck, 1.6 times larger than a 3.7 magnitude on Sunday, near the site of this last earthquake. This earthquake recorded only 32 “Did you feel it?” Responses. Closing the pandemic appears to increase people’s vulnerability to earthquakes.

A reminder to prepare

One of the questions that emerges from this observation is whether the increased sensitivity to an earthquake due to the shutdown will remind people that earthquakes pose a real threat, or if the epidemic itself will continue to mask this danger.

This earthquake should remind local and national governments to consider earthquake preparedness as a priority in the Indian Ganges river basin, which has 900 million people. A strong earthquake is expected in the Himalayas. However, it is impossible to predict when and where it occurs, as well as its effect on NCR. The government can try to deploy a dense network of GPS stations to monitor and study earthquake possibilities across the region.

It is reasonable for governments to take this opportunity to review building and infrastructure designs such as bridges, schools and hospitals. Strict enforcement of building codes and efforts to modify existing buildings can save lives and minimize economic damage if a major earthquake strikes the area.

Templar hazard models indicate that a strong earthquake could occur in the Himalayas. Credit: Template

Want to know your earthquake risk? Check it out on Tumblr.

In-depth reading

Godin, L., & Harris, L.B. (2014). Track interruption interruptions in the Earth’s crust under the Indian crust under the hemogenein using gravitational data – the relationship to the faults of the upper crust. International Geophysical Journal, 198 (1), 198-215.

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