Scientists are digging the deepest hole in the Pacific Ocean to study the history of earthquakes in Japan

With earthquakes being felt almost daily, Japan has become a country devastated by earthquakes. The Japanese strike about 1,500 earthquakes every year, and the Japanese have learned to live with them. To study the history of earthquakes in the region, scientists dug the deepest hole in the bottom of the Pacific Ocean near the Japan Trench on May 14. The deepest drilling site in the history of scientific ocean drilling in 50 years. Expedition 386 is a paleontology mission under the International Ocean Discovery Program. Paleontology is a field of study that researches geological emotions and rocks for signs of ancient earthquakes.

In a statement posted on the mission blog, senior scientist Michael Strasser said that the giant 40-meter piston was lowered into the ocean at a speed of 1.1 meters per second. In two hours and 40 minutes, the drilling reached just above the sea floor and the mission’s deepest water site, at a depth of 8 kilometers. The core flap penetrated 844 meters, penetrating the sea floor.

From the site, which scientists called Site M0081, the team extracted a total of 37 meters of sediment. The sample, collected at record depth, set another record for the deepest subsea sample found in scientific drilling. The previous record was set with an undersea specimen collected at a depth of 6,889 meters during exercises in the same Japan trench in 2012.

However, the record for the deepest drilling site had previously been set by digging in 1978 in the Mariana Trench to a depth of 7,034 meters to recover samples about 20 meters long.

The latest expedition will help scientists understand environmental changes that have occurred over time and how they have affected Japan’s susceptibility to earthquakes. The expedition will also help scientists understand marine processes and their impacts, solid Earth’s cycles and dynamics, and the deep biosphere.

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