Health
Coronavirus spike mutations suggest it may be adapted to humans: experts call for global surveillance
Coronavirus mutations have been previously reported, and scientists are now concerned that some strains of the virus may have adapted to humans. Analysis performed on more than 5,300 coronavirus genomes from 62 countries has “Spike protein” To use a virus to infect people.
Although the changes occur independently in different countries and it is still unclear how virus mutations can affect it, these mutations may help the virus spread easily. Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine said.
Spike mutations are rare at this time, but emerging professor of infectious diseases, Professor Martin Hibbard, says more concern changes will soon be recorded because of global surveillance of coronaviruses.
Early studies show that coronavirus has a spiked protein that allows it to attach to human cells more efficiently than itself. SARS, a related virus that emerged in 2003.. The difference between the two viruses helped the new coronavirus infect more people and spread rapidly.
Spike mutations may waste all their efforts, as experts around the world are struggling to find a vaccine that can fight the new coronavirus. Vaccines and other treatments are tailored to target the coronavirus spike protein and prevent it from infecting human cells.
Scientists worry that increasing the more extensive mutations in the spike protein may not only alter the behavior of the virus, but also reduce the effectiveness of potential therapies, such as synthetic antibodies that depend on the spike protein. doing.
Hiberd emphasized that the new spike mutations are warnings and that these mutations are not a threat to current candidate vaccines, but other mutations are possible. It is important to keep the virus scrutinized so that experts can create effective vaccine candidates for all but not just one strain.
Also read: Coronavirus is mutated into a more contagious but less lethal strain: a new study
Many speculate that the virus is the result of a leak in a Chinese laboratory. However, a team of international researchers has shown that, unlike what the conspiracy theorists argued, it came from bats using genetic analysis. They announced the findings from last month.
Meanwhile, another group of scientists analyzed 5,349 coronavirus genomes These have been uploaded to two major genetic databases since the outbreak began. They figured out how the virus diversified into different strains and looked for signs that it adapted to its human host.
Their unpublished study, which has not yet been peer-reviewed, has allowed them to identify two broad groups of viruses that are already widespread worldwide. They found that one of the two spike mutations is present in 788 viruses worldwide, while the other is present in only 32.
This means that one group of Chinese coronavirus spike mutations was not detected due to mutations in the genetic region that were dependent on early testing by January. Fortunately, recent tests can detect all known strains of the virus.
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