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World AIDS Vaccine Day 2020: History, Significance, Everything You Need to Know
Each May 18th, celebrated as World Immune AIDS Vaccines Day, recognizes the efforts of thousands of scientists and health professionals who are constantly working on discovering vaccines against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
This day will also be used to raise awareness of HIV and highlight the urgent need for vaccine development. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is the world leader in this compliance. It was first celebrated in May 1998 when, after being addressed by President Bill Clinton at Morgan State University in 1997, the vaccine was the only way to limit spread and eventually wipe out HIV. ..
World AIDS Vaccine Day 2020: History, Importance, Everything You Need to Know
What is AIDS?
HIV / AIDS is one of the most devastating pandemics affecting humanity as a whole. According to World Health Organization (WHO) statistics, in 2018, 37.9 million people lived with HIV worldwide. By the end of 2017, an estimated 214,000 people were living with HIV in India alone. With HIV that affects T lymphocytes in the body. This infection spreads from an infected person to another person, from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, by sharing needles, blood, and unprotected sex. After the initial infection, symptoms may go unnoticed, and flu-like symptoms such as fever, joint pain, body aches, and enlarged lymph glands may appear for a short period of time.
This is usually followed by an asymptomatic period of time. As the infection progresses, the immune system is further weakened, as indicated by a decrease in the number of CD4 cells in the blood. This makes them more susceptible to infections such as tuberculosis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, as well as certain malignancies such as Kaposi’s sarcoma, which is rarely seen in immunocompromised people. The late symptoms of these infections that occur in the human body are called AIDS. The diagnosis is made by a blood test that tests for the presence of antibodies to the virus.
Why is AIDS awareness so important?
Currently, there is no cure other than antiretroviral therapy (ART) that helps slow the replication of the virus. This underscores the importance of awareness creation, safe sex practices, avoidance of needle sharing and prevention by early testing of at-risk individuals. Vaccines prevent the infection by stimulating the body’s immune system. The development of safe and effective vaccines can greatly help protect people from HIV infection.
Even a partially effective vaccine can greatly help reduce transmission and stop the epidemic. However, the rapid genetic variation of the virus, the inability of antibodies to kill the virus effectively, and the risk of viral replication in the body due to the use of weakened viruses in the vaccine have led to many developments in vaccines. There was an obstacle. There are currently no licensed HIV vaccines on the market, but several research projects are underway. Evidence observed from humans so far indicates that vaccines may soon become possible.
Hematology-Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pediatric Hematology, Glutagram Fortis Memorial Institute, Deputy Director and Chief Dr. Vikas Dua
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