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Studies show the efficacy of the mixed-and-match COVID-19 vaccine

 


Those who received the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine and the second dose of the mRNA vaccine had a lower risk of infection than those who received both the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. This is shown in a national study conducted by researchers at Umeå University in Sweden.

Vaccination with one of the approved vaccines is better than without vaccination, and two doses are better than one. However, in our study, those who received the vector-based vaccine first had a significantly lower risk for those who received the mRNA vaccine than those who received the vector-based vaccine at both doses. Is shown. “

Peter Nordström, Professor of Geriatrics, Umeå University

The use of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vector-based vaccine for COVID-19 was discontinued for people under the age of 65, so all individuals who had already received the first dose of this vaccine were given the mRNA vaccine as the second dose. Was recommended.

During an average follow-up of 2.5 months after the second dose, the study found that the Oxford-AstraZeneca + Pfizer-BioNTech combination had a 67% lower risk of infection and the Oxford / AstraZeneca + Moderna risk of 79%. It was shown to be low. Both compared to unvaccinated individuals. For those who received the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine twice, the risk reduction was 50%. These risk estimates were observed after considering differences in vaccination dates, age of participants, socioeconomic status, and other risk factors for COVID-19. Importantly, efficacy estimates apply to infections with delta mutants that dominated the cases identified during the follow-up period. The incidence of thromboembolic adverse events was very low on all vaccination schedules. The number of COVID-19 cases severe enough to result in hospitalization was too small for researchers to calculate the efficacy for this result.

Previous studies have shown that a combination vaccine schedule produces a strong immune response. However, it is unclear how these schedules can reduce the risk of clinical infection. This is a knowledge gap aimed at filling new research done by Umeå researchers. This survey is based on national registration data from the Swedish Public Health Agency, the Social Agency, and the Statistics Sweden. The main analysis included about 700,000 individuals.

“The results of this study can influence vaccination strategies in different countries,” said Marcel Ballin, a PhD student in geriatrics at Umeå University and co-author of the study. “The World Health Organization needs larger studies to investigate its safety and efficacy against clinical outcomes, despite promising results from previous studies on the immune response of mixed-and-match vaccination. There is one such study here. “

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Journal reference:

Nordstrom, P. , et al. (2021) Efficacy of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA prime boost vaccination against symptomatic Covid-19 infection in Sweden: national cohort study..Lancet Regional Health-Europe.. doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100249..

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