Health
Coronavirus Testing: What are COVID-19 Gene Testing, Antigen Testing, and Antibody Testing?
Coronaviruses make some people sick, some spread it without knowing that they have it, and to others the virus is deadly. But how can you tell if you are infected?
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Dr. Alok Patel, a member of the ABC7 news team of coronavirus experts, said:
The swab collects the sample from the back of the throat to the nose. The virus is a hangout. The sample is then sent to the lab for analysis.
“Then, the doctor compares the swab sample to a known sample of the viral genetic material and looks for a match,” Dr. Patel said.
If they match, you have a coronavirus.
“With a negative test, it’s possible that the sample was missing coronavirus and didn’t catch the genetic material of the virus,” Patel said.
It takes 3-5 days for the results of the genetic test to come out.
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The antigen test takes a few minutes.
“Antibody tests look for proteins on the surface of the virus, not for genetic material inside the virus,” Patel said.
No antigen test is currently available.
“I have hope in the near future, and I get immediate results while I’m at the clinic or while I’m going to the clinic, so I can immediately see if there’s a coronavirus,” he said.
The other test everyone is talking about is the antibody, or serological test. This is a blood test that tells you if you are already infected with the coronavirus and have recovered.
“Antibody tests for antibodies in the blood, so when you get a virus or an infection, the immune system makes the antibodies, which are small proteins that your body sees. Again it helps to repel. “
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Antibodies may help prevent future coronavirus exposure.
“It takes about 1-2 weeks for antibodies to accumulate after infection,” said Patel.
What we don’t know is how long that immunity lasts.
“But, based on everything known from the previous SARS virus (a virus related to this coronavirus), immunity should last at least two years, but we’ll get more data to figure this out.” You must, ”Dr. Patel said.
Only a handful of antibody tests have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
Obtaining accurate results is important in deciding who can donate plasma to help people with serious illness with COVID-19.
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“And donate antibodies to help others recover faster,” said Patel.
Antibody tests can also help determine herd immunity.
“Where a sufficient number of people in the population are immune to this coronavirus, the virus can no longer spread from person to person,” Dr. Patel said.
Obtaining herd immunity can only occur by the development of a vaccine, stopping the spread of coronaviruses in that pathway.
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