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Genes inherited by Neanderthals affect severe COVID infections. Experts will explain how to do this.Read here
With surprising discoveries about COVID-19, recent studies show that they inherit a major genetic factor from Neanderthals who can cause severe Covid infections. However, the same factors can reduce the chances of HIV. This study was published in the Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Researchers Hugo Zeberg and Svante Paabo demonstrated in the fall of 2020 that they inherited a major genetic risk factor for severe COVID-19 from Neanderthals. Later, when they studied ancient human DNA, they observed that their frequency had increased significantly since the Last Glacial Period.
“In fact, genetic variation inherited from Neanderthals has become unexpectedly common.”
“This major genetic risk factor for COVID-19 is so common that we began to wonder if it could actually help something, such as providing protection against another infection,” he said. Hugo Zeberg, the only author of the study, said.
Genetic risk factors are located in the region on chromosome 3, which consists of many genes. Nearby are several genes that encode receptors for the immune system. One of these receptors, CCR5-, is used by the HIV virus to infect white blood cells.
Zeberg found that people with a risk factor for COVID-19 have fewer CCR5 receptors. This led him to test for a low risk of becoming infected with HIV. Analysis of patient data from three major biobanks (FinnGen, UK Biobank, and Michigan Genomic Initiative) found that carriers of the COVID-19 risk variant had a 27% lower risk of becoming infected with HIV.
“This shows how genetic variation can be both good and bad news. Bad news if a person gets infected with COVID-19, good to prevent getting infected with HIV. It’s news, “says Zeberg.
However, because HIV occurred only in the 20th century, protection against this infection cannot explain why mutations in the genetic risk of COVID-19 became so common among humans 10,000 years ago.
“This risk variant of COVID-19 was found to provide protection against HIV, but it was probably protection against yet another disease that increased in frequency after the Last Glacial Period,” Zeberg concludes. ..
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