Health
Monoclonal antibodies neutralize BA.2 more effectively than BA.1.
Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies target the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. COVID-19 (new coronavirus infection) disease. However, the BA.2 omicron substrain is gradually overtaking the highly infectious BA.1.Due to concerns that Omicron will not be affected Monoclonal antibody Treatment, the United States has suspended the distribution of several treatments.
The two variants are distinguished by about 21 peplomer mutations, and it is unclear whether one responds better to monoclonal antibodies than the other. 1 studyWas announced in Nature medicineI tried to compare the sensitivities of BA.1 and BA.2 to see if any of the nine therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) neutralize either.
Researchers at the Pasteur Institute, CNRS, and Vaccine Institute (VRI) collaborate with Orleans Regional Hospital, Paris Public Hospital Network (AP-HP), KU Ruben (Ruben Catholic University), and Parisite University to help people with immunodeficiency. The effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies for pre-exposure prevention was investigated. They isolated the BA.2 mutant from a nasopharyngeal swab originally sequenced in Belgium.
Researchers first examined the in vitro susceptibility of BA.1, BA.2, and DeltaCOVID-19 strains to nine therapeutic antibodies. Next, they measured the serum neutralizing activity of 29 individuals at risk of severe or fatal COVID-19 treated with Lonapreb (a cocktail of two antibodies developed by Roche / Regeneron) and /. By doing so, we tested the clinical significance of the observations. Or Evusheld (a cocktail of two antibodies developed by AstraZeneca).
Compared to Delta, BA.2 contains 28 mutations to peplomer, 18 of which are shared by BA.1. Researchers examined the immune response to Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 3 to 30 days after treatment. Participants who drank all antibody cocktails showed elevated levels of antibody that effectively neutralized the delta. Seven of the antibodies, Bamlanivimab, Etesevimab, Casirivimab, Sotrovimab, Adintrevimab, Regdanvimab, and Tixagevima, were inactive against BA.2.
People with immunodeficiency treated with Ronapreve (Imdevimab and Casilivimab) did not neutralize BA.1 but weakly neutralized BA.2. BA.1 neutralization was detected in 19 of 29 Evusheld (Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab) recipients, and all 29 Evusheld recipients adequately neutralized BA.2.
“Antibodies and corresponding sera have been shown to be inactive or weakly active against BA.1 but more active against BA.2,” said the lead author of the study. And Timothée Bruel, a scientist at the Pasteur Institute’s Virus and Immune Units, said. Pasteur. “Compared to the delta mutant, the neutralizing titer was significantly reduced for BA.1 (344-fold) compared to BA.2 (9-fold).”
Four of the 29 cases of Omicron were reported, one of which was a severe infection. Therefore, monoclonal antibodies are not a reliable defense. However, as BA.2 continues to overtake BA.1 in many countries, including the United States, it is reassuring to know that monoclonal antibodies are more effective in neutralizing this newly predominant Omicron submutant. doing.
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