COVID-19 Rare cardiac complications in children

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• Researchers report that cardiac complications in children after COVID-19 are rare and treatable.
• Some doctors also report that the number of cases of MIS-C and other conditions has decreased in recent months, probably due to the fact that more children are eligible for COVID-19 vaccination. increase.
• Experts recommend that parents carefully observe their child while recovering from COVID-19 and see a doctor if they have any abnormal or prolonged symptoms.

As a new virus, more than two years after the pandemic, there are still many things we don’t understand about COVID-19.

But for parents of children and young adults, there seems to be some positive news.

Cardiac complications due to COVID-19 are rare and can be treated in most cases. New scientific statement From the American Heart Association (AHA).

“It’s great that AHA emphasizes the pediatric population in a scientific statement.” Dr. Simon LeeA pediatric cardiologist at the National Children’s Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, told Healthline. “We need to continue to emphasize the need for research on the short-term and long-term effects of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system.”

For example, after COVID-19 infection, some children showed new signs Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) Causes inflammation of important organs such as the heart and lungs.

MIS-C is a serious problem, but relatively rare.

In the first year of the pandemic, AHA researchers said that one in 3,164 children with SARS-CoV-2 infection developed MIS-C. The overall risk of long-term complications and death from MIS-C was less than 2%.

Most children recovered from this disorder within 1 to 4 weeks of diagnosis.

It’s encouraging, but said the book shouldn’t be considered completely closed on this issue. Dr. Alan GracemanPediatric Intensivist for Pediatric Critical Care in South Florida.

“In the long run, we need to look at these children longitudinally on a continuous MRI to see the heart and the amount of scarring, fibrosis, and even hypofunction seen on a cardiac MRI,” Greissman said. I told Healthline. ..

He also said that cases of MIS-C appear to be declining.

“The amount of MIS-C seen associated with heart disease appeared to increase with the Delta virus, but not so much with the Omicron virus,” he explained. “Omicron variants gave very little, if any, serious MIS-C disease. At our facility, we’ve probably seen children with MIS-C-related heart disease for at least the last two months. There is no such thing. “

One factor may be that more children are eligible for the COVID-19 vaccine.Studies show that Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine Reduce risk There is also a 91% increase in MIS-C in children.

Other Heart Diseases – May Be Associated with MIS-C, but May Be the Result of Acute COVID-19 Infection – Myocarditis When Pericarditis..

Myocarditis became a hot topic as it appeared to be a rare complication of COVID-19 vaccination.However, experts point out the risk of developing myocarditis from COVID-19 infection. Much higher Rather than developing from vaccination.

In myocarditis, “patients may have mild symptoms of chest pain or severe decompensated heart failure.” Dr. Elizabeth ProfitaA pediatric cardiologist at Stanford Children’s Health in California told Healthline.

However, “treatment of myocarditis is generally supportive care, and vaccination prevents more hospitalizations and ICU hospitalizations than can cause cases of myocarditis, even in adolescent men. Let’s do it, “she added.

Other potential heart complications include cardiogenic shock when the virus-weakened heart fails to pump enough blood, and arrhythmias that cause irregular heartbeats. Both are rare.

“Long-term outcome data after SARS-CoV-2 infection are not yet available, but interim data for children and adolescents are promising,” the author of the statement wrote. “Early reports raised concerns about serious heart complications after infection in adolescents, but subsequent reviews of the results of young athletes showed that the majority did not have a harmful heart. Is [conditions] After asymptomatic or mild infection. “

For parents, the best thing you can do if your child is infected with COVID-19 is to keep an eye on them.

“Like any other illness, parents know their children very well,” Greissman said. “So active toddlers and children, or young adults, who are not tired, sleep well, and continue to be typical, have no fever. Their baseline type is very reassuring. Parents are careful. What you need to do is based on the first problem they raised. “

“Children with heart disease are usually weaker after recovery, more prone to shortness of breath and more tired from exercise,” he continued. “This should improve over time, but parents need to monitor for changes in their ability to perform their daily activities.”

Finally, if your child appears to develop new symptoms after COVID-19 has declined, it may be time to seek additional medical treatment.

“There is a subset of children who have persistent symptoms or develop new symptoms, such as fatigue, difficulty holding their breath with minimal activity, palpitation, and headaches that last for more than a month, and have a long COVID. May show signs of, “says Lee. “If you are concerned about a long COVID, we recommend that you consult an expert. Thankfully, long COVIDs in children are relatively rare.”

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