150% Increase in Type 1 Diabetes Cases in India: ICMR Announces New Treatment

As India continues to witness a mild surge in Covid-19 cases in parts of the country, the Indian Medical Research Council has released new guidelines for people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Health agencies say the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affects diabetics disproportionately and is at high risk of serious illness and death.

“India The second largest adult diabetic population in the world And one in six people with diabetes in the world is Indian. Over the last three decades, the number of people with diabetes in the country has increased by 150%, “the ICMR said in its guidelines, adding that the gradual decline in the age at which type 2 diabetes is diagnosed is a major concern. The prevalence of the disease was found in the age group of 2534 in both urban and rural areas.

What is Type 1 Diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia in people with underlying genetic susceptibility. The risk of type 1 diabetes is 3 percent, 5 percent, and 8 percent, respectively, if the mother, father, and siblings have a medical history.

It develops in children and teens when the pancreas stops producing insulin or the amount of insulin is very low. Without insulin, blood sugar levels cannot enter the cells and accumulate in the bloodstream. Type 1 diabetes is thought to be caused by an autoimmune reaction that destroys insulin-producing pancreatic cells called beta cells.

Women with diabetes use a glucose meter in Paris to measure their blood glucose levels. (Photo: AFP)

How to Prevent Type 1 Diabetes?

There are approximately 1.1 million people under the age of 20 estimated to be affected by type 1 diabetes worldwide. 130,000 people are diagnosed with this disease each yearr, by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Atlas. The latest ICMR guidelines focus on:

Ensuring good diet and exercise

According to ICMR, lifestyle management (LSM) plays an essential role in the management of type 1 diabetes, and understanding the effects of diet and physical activity on blood glucose is for optimal management of diabetes. Is essential to.Health groups say people need to ensure proper nutrition to maintain and promote optimal blood pressure, weight and lipid levels. Work on the healthy growth and development of children and individual nutrition Needs that incorporate personal, social and cultural preferences.

“The diet of India (especially South and East India) is rich in simple carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrate intake should be encouraged to make up at least 70% of total carbohydrates,” the guidelines read. increase. Regular physical activity, on the other hand, enhances general well-being, prevents obesity, and reduces increased cardiovascular risk.

Insulin therapy

All children and adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) require insulin as soon as they are diagnosed and continuously for the rest of their lives. Therefore, care must be taken when using it. The ICMR of the Guidelines, whatever insulin therapy is, is optimally used by a diabetic team that includes doctors, diabetes educators, and nutritionists to educate and support patients and their families on the best uses of bone. It says it depends on breaking care. Similar to adjusting insulin doses.

ICMR has also identified some side effects that insulin can cause, such as hypoglycemia, weight gain, and infections. “The optimal insulin dose is to achieve good glycemic control without frequent hypoglycemic episodes,” said ICMR.

Blood glucose monitoring

In a new briefing, ICMR states that glycemic monitoring is an important predictor of glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) Type 1 diabetes needs to monitor blood sugar levels Before eating or snacking, before going to bed, before exercising, if hypoglycemia is suspected, after treatment for hypoglycemia (until blood glucose becomes normal), before starting important tasks such as driving.

“People with type 1 diabetes need help to survive, use insulin and other treatments, and live their lives without negating illness stigma, limitation, or complications,” ICMR said. It is stated in.