Health
This drug has the potential to change the field of cancer research
A small group of rectal cancers have just experienced a scientific miracle. Their cancer simply disappeared after treatment.
In a very small trial conducted by a doctor at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, patients took a drug called Dosterlimab for six months. As a result of this test, all the tumors disappeared. The trial group included only 18 people, but we still need to learn how the treatment worked. However, some scientists say that this kind of result has not been seen in the history of cancer research.
Dr. Hannah Sanov of the Rheinberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, participated in the NPR Taking everything into account It outlines how this drug works and what it means for the future of cancer research. She wasn’t involved in the study, but Dr. Sanov writes about the results.
This interview has been lightly edited
About her first reaction to the result:
So I’m incredibly optimistic. As you said at the beginning, we have never seen anything work in 100 percent of people in cancer medicine.
How medicines work to treat cancer:
This drug is a class of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors. These are immunotherapeutic drugs that act not by directly attacking the cancer itself, but by actually acting essentially on the human immune system. These are drugs that have been around for quite some time in melanoma and other cancers, but in fact they were not part of the routine care for colorectal cancer until quite recently.
About the types of side effects the patient experienced:
Very few in this study-in fact, surprisingly few. Most people had no serious adverse effects.
How this study is viewed as “changing practice”:
Our hope is that for people in this subgroup (only about 5% to 10% of people with rectal cancer), they will continue to receive 6 months of immunotherapy and none of the rest. If I don’t even know the word to use. A paradigm shift is often used, but it’s really absolutely a paradigm shift.
Why the idea of being able to skip surgery for cancer treatment is so revolutionary:
For rectal cancer, this is part of a conversation with someone when they are diagnosed. We are very much hoping to be able to cure you, but unfortunately we know that our treatment will actually leave you with potentially life-changing consequences. I have patients who have rarely left home for years, or even decades, after rectal cancer because of the consequences of incontinence and the associated shame.
About the next step of medicine:
What I really want is to use this drug in a much more diverse environment and take a larger test to understand what the actual true response rate will be. It can never be 100 percent. I would like to say that in the future, but I don’t think it will be 100%. So, looking at the true response rate, that’s when I think we can always do this.
Copyright 2022 NPR. For more information, please visit https://www.npr.org.
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