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Cell tentacles may help the virus spread to other cells. HIV risk is not very high

 


(Reuters)-The following is a brief summary of some of the latest scientific research on the new coronavirus and efforts to find cures and vaccines for the virus-caused disease COVID-19.

“Tentacles” of hijacked cells may help coronavirus spread

When a virus infects a cell, it hijacks an enzyme called a kinase that controls the function of the cell. A new study identified 49 kinases that have been hijacked by the new coronavirus. It contains what is called CK2, which produces hair-like tentacles called filopodia, with viral particles protruding from the cells inside. The researchers leading the study published in Cell on Sunday believe that this may help coronaviruses infect other cells. San Francisco told Reuters, “Kinase is one of the most medicinal protein groups in our cells,” said University of California co-author Nevan Krogan. The team has identified five potentially promising drugs that are already in use or tested against malfunctioning kinases in other diseases. One of them-Cirmitaxertib-targets CK2. “We believe the drug works by stopping the formation of filopodia, and we are currently testing it in the laboratory,” Krogan said. Marco Vinutzi, co-author of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, told Reuters that CK2 appears to be involved in the tentacles, so using a kinase inhibitor that targets CK2 reduces or inhibits its formation. There is a possibility that “If the virus uses it to transmit from cell to cell, the spread of the virus will be reduced.”bit.ly/2ZfScii)

COVID-19 results do not worsen in HIV patients

According to a New York City study, people with HIV infection may not face above-average risk of poor COVID-19 results. One large health care system doctor assessed 88 HIV-controlled in-hospital COVID-19 patients and 405 HIV-free patients with similar COVID-19 severity on admission. Compared patients. The poor outcomes of hospitalized HIV-infected COVID-19 patients were “frequently similar” to those of HIV-free patients, the researchers reported on Sunday with clinical infections. Eighteen percent of people with HIV needed ventilators and 21 percent died, compared with 23 percent and 20 percent of those without the virus causing AIDS, respectively. Researchers say these findings need to be validated in other large populations. (bit.ly/2YFWSPw)

Social distances by healthy young adults may reduce the severity of infection

Studies of young soldiers suggest that the benefits of social distance during a pandemic may extend beyond high-risk individuals. When the Swiss army implemented social distances, mask wear and hygiene rules at bases that had not been diagnosed with COVID-19, not only did the spread of the virus be limited, but infected soldiers were not developed. 19 symptoms. At the base, 354 soldiers shared the same barracks, and 154 soldiers were housed approximately 3 km (1.86 miles) apart. On March 11, the first COVID-19 diagnosis was conducted in the shared barracks. According to a Sunday report on clinical infections, nine days later, “both units were placed under quarantine and hygiene measures were strictly enforced,” it was reported on Sunday. By day 54, 29% of soldiers in the shared barracks had a positive coronavirus test and COVID-19 symptoms. In the other barracks, 13 (8%) had the virus in their nasal passages and none of the soldiers developed symptoms, despite the finding of antibodies to the virus in their blood. As a result, among healthy youth, hygiene and mask-enhanced social separation measures not only slow down coronavirus infections, but may also reduce the incidence of symptomatic patients in infected patients. The researchers say. (bit.ly/2Vv8KBR)

T cells play a key role in fighting the virus in the most ill COVID-19 patients

A Dutch study of 10 patients with severe COVID-19 found that when admitted to an intensive care unit, most patients already had T cells that recognized and targeted the coronavirus. It was The findings add to the information about the role of T cells, a key component of the immune system, in fighting disease and help inform the body of the development of vaccines that produce these cells. The study, led by Alessandro Sette of the La Jolla Immunology Institute in California and Lori de Breeze of Erasmus MC in Rotterdam, showed that patients’ T-cell levels generally increased over time, along with levels of antibodies that could neutralize the virus. I found that the load decreased. In addition, two non-infected volunteers also recognized the virus and had T cells that responded to it in vitro, so the T cells produced by the body in response to previous infection with common cold coronavirus were also It adds to the evidence that it may react to new viruses. The findings are consistent with a recent study of American patients with moderate COVID-19. In both studies, immune cells targeted the “spike” protein used by the virus to enter the cell, but a new study found that T cells also responded strongly to other viral targets. Reported on Science Immunology on Friday. According to a news release from the La Jolla Institute for Immunology, the new study that spike proteins are promising targets provides further evidence and suggests new ways to potentially increase vaccine efficacy. (bit.ly/388XP62)

Open here In external browsers of Reuters Graphics on vaccines and treatments under development.

Report by Nancy Rapid and Kristin Soares. Editing by Bill Berkrot

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