Polio was discovered in the United Kingdom for the first time in nearly 40 years.This is what it means

British health officials have confirmed that polio could occur in London for the first time in nearly 40 years.

So far, no direct polio has been detected in the UK, but instead, scientists have discovered the outbreak by an indirect route.They found multiple versions of the virus in sewage, the UK’s Health Security Agency. Said Wednesday press release.

Authorities say the risk to the general public is very low because the majority of people in the UK are vaccinated against polio during childhood and are therefore protected from infection.

However, the agency recommends that those who are not fully immunized schedule their appointments immediately.

Between February and May, British scientists found several samples containing versions of the virus closely related to wastewater at the London Becton Sewage Treatment Plant, the UK’s largest water treatment plant. ..

The genetic sequence of the virus suggests that “there was some spread between closely related individuals in northern and eastern London,” UKHSA said.

People infected with polio or vaccinated with live virus leave traces of the virus in their faeces and eventually flow into the sewage. Therefore, the current hypothesis is that an infected person brought the virus to London and spread it to others who were not immunized.

“The outbreak seems to be very small,” says virologists. Angela RasmusenI am studying polio at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada. “Outbreaks can occur in extended families. Infection requires a concentration of people who have not yet been vaccinated.”

British scientists can rapidly expand monitoring of sewage samples to identify where the outbreak occurred and whether it is still in progress and stop it with targeted immunity. I am doing it. In a statement, epidemiologist Vanessa Saliba, who is consulting with UKHSA, said, “We are urgently investigating to better understand the scope of this communication.”

Polio causes permanent paralysis in people who are not completely vaccinated in about 5 out of 1,000 cases. Polio spreads through the fecal-oral route. That is, when a person accidentally consumes infected stool.

The last case of polio in the United Kingdom occurred in 1984. The United Kingdom was declared free of polio in 2003.

The pandemic disrupted childhood immunization programs around the world, giving polio the opportunity to surge in many countries, Rasmussen said.

“My biggest concern is the fact that the population is not vaccinated as planned,” says Rasmussen. “I think it applies everywhere. It’s due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.”

In 2016, only dozens of polio cases were recorded in four countries around the world. From 2019 to 2020, the number of polio cases worldwide has almost tripled. Reported by NPR In April, more than 1,000 known cases occurred in about 30 countries.Last year, the world record Over 600 polio cases.

Here in the United States, polio immunization is part of a routine immunization schedule for infants. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends four doses of inactivated polio vaccine. 1 shot each for 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, and 4-6 years old.

“If you don’t have the latest polio vaccine, it’s time to go out and get the latest,” says Rasmussen.

Copyright 2022 NPR. For more information, please visit https://www.npr.org.

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