Health
“Super bugs” that are widespread in pigs can jump to humans
HealthDay Reporter
Wednesday, June 29, 2022 (HealthDay News) – A type of super bug MRSA Appeared in highly tolerant pigs Antibiotics The causes of human infectious diseases are increasing.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have described this particular strain of MRSA, which stands for methicillin resistance. Staphylococcus aureusIt has appeared in livestock over the last 50 years, probably due to the widespread use of antibiotics in agriculture. They said it was a potential threat to public health.
“Historically high levels of antibiotic use may have led to the evolution of this antibiotic-resistant MRSA strain in pig farms,” said Dr. Gemmalin of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Cambridgeshire, England. I did. Dean of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge.
“we, Antibiotic resistance The MRSA associated with this livestock is very stable, lasts for decades, and the bacteria have spread to a variety of livestock species, “she said in a college news release.
This strain, called CC398, is the predominant type of MRSA in pigs and other European livestock and is responsible for MRSA infections in humans. This is associated with infectious diseases in people who have had direct contact with livestock and those who have not.
The use of antibiotics in European agriculture is lower than before, but the strains are so stable that the impact of continued reductions in usage may be limited.
A notable example is the Danish pig farm. The proportion of MRSA-positive groups there increased from 5% in 2008 to 90% in 2018. Pigs test positive for MRSA but do not get sick.
“Understanding the emergence and success of CC398 in European livestock and its ability to infect humans is crucial in managing the risks that CC398 poses to public health,” said Lucy Weinert, senior author at the University of Cambridge. Says.
Three mobile genetic elements of the MRSA genome are involved in the ability to infect humans.
To study this issue, researchers have reconstructed the evolutionary history of two genetic components called Tn916 and SCCmec. These confer antibiotic resistance to MRSA. They have been stable in pigs for decades and persist when jumping to humans.
A third mobile genetic element called φSa3 that allows the CC398 strain of MRSA to avoid humans Immune systemWas found to disappear and reappear frequently over time in both humans and livestock. This suggests that CC398 can quickly adapt to human hosts.
“Livestock-related MRSA cases in humans are still only a small part of all MRSA cases in the human population, but the fact that they are increasing is a worrying sign,” Weinert said.
The European Union has banned zinc oxide. diarrhea In piglets, there are concerns about environmental impact and increased resistance to antibiotics. The authors said that this ban may not reduce the prevalence of CC398, as genes that confer antibiotic resistance are not always associated with genes that confer zinc treatment resistance.
The World Health Organization sees MRSA as one of the greatest threats to human health.
The findings were published in the journal on June 28th. eLife ..
For more information
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention details MRSA.
Source: University of Cambridge, News Release, June 28, 2022
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