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COVID-19 Vaccine and Pregnancy | Harvard Medical School

COVID-19 Vaccine and Pregnancy | Harvard Medical School

 


Pregnant individuals and newborns may be at increased risk of developing more severe cases of COVID-19 after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but studies show that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy is Helps protect both the birth and the child.

With new research led by researchers at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital Released on June 28 Nature Communications We investigated how various COVID-19 vaccines and the timing of vaccination during pregnancy affect the extent of this protection.

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“Our goal was to compare maternal antibody response and transplacental transfer of antibodies to newborns with vaccination over all three semesters of pregnancy and across different vaccine platforms,” ​​he said. Andrea EdrowHMS Associate Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology at Massachusetts General Hospital.

“We would like to use this information to provide better advice to patients who are wondering about vaccination in the first and second or third semesters,” says Edlow.

In this study, Edlow and her colleagues characterized antibody responses to Johnson & Johnson’s adenovirus-based vaccine, and the mRNA-based vaccine produced by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech in 158 pregnant individuals.

The team also evaluated the transfer of protected SARS-CoV-2 antibody through the placenta from a pregnant person to the fetus by analyzing 175 pairs of blood from the umbilical cord and the birth.

Studies have shown that the Johnson & Johnson vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies that are less functional than the Modana and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines.

The Moderna vaccine provided subtle advantages in antibody levels and function compared to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.

In addition, mRNA-based vaccines have increased antibody levels and function against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including alpha, beta, delta, and gamma.

All three vaccines also induced antibodies that showed neutralizing activity against Omicron.

Pregnant people vaccinated during the 1st and 3rd trimesters had an enhanced immune response compared to the 2nd trimester vaccination.

SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies were most efficiently transferred to the fetus via the placenta after vaccination with the first and second trimesters.

“These data may support an early pregnancy vaccine series if not yet administered and, if eligible, added late in pregnancy to optimize protective antibody titers in both mothers and newborns. There is. ” Angry alter, He is a professor of medicine at HMS, a core member of the Ragon Institute at MGH, MIT, and Harvard, and co-author of this study.

Researchers emphasized the need for further research on this topic.

“Additional research is needed to understand how vaccine-induced immunity in mothers and newborns is generally optimized during pregnancy,” said the co-author. Casling RayHMS Associate Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology in Brigham and Women.

Additional authors include Caroline Atyeo, Maegan Sheehan, and Alexander Balazs of Ragon Institute; Lydia Shock, Rose de Guzman, Madeleine Burns,Massachusetts General Hospital and HMS Dana Cvrk, Ilona Goldfarb, Lael Yonker, Alessio Fasano; Sara Brigida, Stepan Demidkin, Cordelia Muir, Arantxa Medina Baez, Erin McSweeney, Ruhi Nayak, Allison Fialkowski Massachusetts General Hospital; Babatande Akinunmi, Maya Kumar, and Chinmei Patel Brigham, Women’s and HMS; Michal Elovitz of the University of Pennsylvania.

The study was NIH (K08HL1469630-03; 3K08HL146963-02S1; R01A1145840-02S1; 1U19AI167899-01; 3R37AI080289-11S1; R01AI146785; U19AI42790-01; U19AI135995-02; 1U01CA260476-01; CIVIC5N93019C00052; Hospital, Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Preparation, Gates Foundation Global Health Vaccine Accelerator Platform (OPP1146996; INV-001650), Nancy Zimmerman, Musk Foundation, March of Dimes (6-FY20-223)).

Quoted from Massachusetts General Hospital news release..

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