Breakthrough in research on mystery childhood hepatitis

British researchers reported a breakthrough in a mysterious hepatitis case affecting infants on Monday, discovering that severe liver condition is associated with co-infection with two common viruses rather than coronavirus. did.

World Health Organization (WHO) reported at least 1,010 Possible casesIncludes 46 deaths in need of a transplant and 22 deaths from illness dating back to October last year.

Previous theories have focused on the prevailing adenovirus infection epidemic behind the case.

But in two new, independent and simultaneous studies in Scotland and London, scientists discovered another. virusAAV2 (adeno-associated virus 2) played an important role and was present in 96% of all patients tested.

AAV2 is usually not known to cause disease and cannot replicate in the absence of another “helper” virus.

Both teams concluded that co-infection with either AAV2 and adenovirus, or sometimes herpesvirus HHV6, provides the best explanation for severe liver disease.

“The presence of the AAV2 virus is associated with unexplained hepatitis in children,” Emma Thomson, a professor of infectious diseases at the University of Glasgow, who led the Scottish paper, said in a statement.

But she also warned that it’s still unclear if AAV2 is the cause. disease Alternatively, it was a biomarker of the underlying adenovirus infection, which is difficult to detect but is the main pathogen.

No coronavirus link

Both treatises have been submitted online to the “preprint” server and are still waiting Peer review Before being published in the journal.

Two studies examined both patients who developed hepatitis and those who did not, and found that AAV2 was mostly present in patients who did develop it, not in those who did not.

A Scottish study further tested the genes of sick and non-sick children, focusing on differences in human leukocyte antigens and explaining why some children are more sensitive than others. It may be explaining.

Both teams have ruled out recent or previous SARS-CoV-2 infections as a direct cause.

No coronavirus was found in the patient’s liver. A Scottish study found that two-thirds of patients had antibodies to the coronavirus, a rate similar to the overall prevalence of children at the time.

The reason for the recent surge in hepatitis cases is unknown, but both teams emphasized that the blockade may have contributed by weakening the child’s immunity or altering the pattern of viral circulation.

“I think this is a plausible explanation for these cases. Coinfection seems to be the key,” said Dirndl Kelly, a professor of pediatric hepatology at the University of Birmingham who was not involved in the study.

But she added that more work is needed to understand why some reasons child Develop Severe illness Needs a transplant.

“A better understanding of the seasonal cycle of AAV2, a virus that is not regularly monitored,” Thomson said.

“The peak of adenovirus infection coincides with the peak of AAV2 exposure, which may cause abnormal symptoms of sensitive hepatitis. infant.. ”

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Pediatric hepatitis cases associated with adeno-associated virus AAV2

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© 2022 AFP

Quote: Https: //medicalxpress.com/news/2022-07-breakthrough-mystery-child-hepatitis.html for the study of mysterious child hepatitis (July 26, 2022) obtained on July 26, 2022. Breakthrough

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