Health
Antineoplastics now have hope for diabetes treatment
An Australian-based study at Monash University in Melbourne this month claimed a “major advance” in the type 1 diabetes treatment protocol as researchers restored insulin expression in damaged pancreatic cells in a 13-year-old child. .. cancer medicine.
Researchers in The Nature’s “Signal Transmission and Targeted Therapy” journal have collected pancreatic cells that show the classic signs of insulin-producing insulin-producing cell progenitor cell silencing with almost undetectable insulin. Not approved for type 1 diabetes, the other cancer treatment drug GSK126 was used on cells, resulting in the expression of core insulin-producing cell markers. It has also been found to restore insulin gene expression despite the absolute destruction of insulin-producing cells.
This study essentially discovered a new pathway for insulin regeneration in pancreatic stem cells. Using pancreatic stem cells from type 1 diabetic donors, researchers were able to effectively reactivate them into insulin expression and functionally resemble beta-like cells through drug use. In principle, this means that the above drugs will allow the replacement of destroyed insulin-producing cells (beta cells) with neoplastic insulin-producing cells in patients with type 1 diabetes.
The authors argue that this finding could lead to major advances in new therapies for treating type 1 and type 2 diabetes, especially potential treatment options for insulin-dependent diabetes.
Importance of this proof-of-concept research
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin and instead of entering cells, glucose accumulates in the bloodstream, causing hypoglycemia. Symptoms are usually not apparent until about 80% of insulin-producing cells, the mass of beta cells, are destroyed. Ultimately, this leads the patient to rely on external insulin for survival.
Currently, there are two strategies focused on replacing damaged beta cell clumps in diabetics. This includes either an entire pancreas or an islet transplant. However, both of these methods are challenging given the rapid shortage of organ donors in most countries, coupled with the associated side effects of immunosuppressive drugs. Therefore, current research focuses on the replacement of lost beta cells by injecting stem cell progeny, which further differentiates into more specialized cells and produces new functional beta cells that produce insulin. You can make it effectively.
Limitations
Only isolated cases of a 13-year-old type 1 diabetic child with characteristic islet damage and significant β-cell destruction were collected with insulin-expressing cells from two adult non-diabetic brain-dead donors. rice field. “It’s unclear if the results will be generalized.”
The study also states that it is unclear whether progenitor gene silencing can be recovered from long-standing diabetes, given that children have had diabetes for the past 4.5 years.
The authors also acknowledge that further research is needed “in view of potential pharmacological interactions and unexpected synergies” and how other effects of GSK126 (cancer treatment) are. I don’t know if it’s something like that.
In addition, this study was done in vitro, not in living humans. The authors acknowledge that the results of this study need to be confirmed in larger studies by genetically modifying cells outside the body to produce therapeutic factors.
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