Health
Vitamin D levels not associated with COVID infection risk, supplements
AUSTIN, TX – Risk of COVID-19 infection did not differ between taking vitamin D supplements and low vitamin levels, researchers reported here.
Among a cohort of 250 healthy HCWs, some of whom were taking high doses of vitamin D, 56 eventually tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
However, when comparing serum levels of 30 ng/mL or higher compared with <30 ng/mL, there was no difference in infection rates stratified by vitamin D, said Yi Liu, of the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York City. MD reported.
In her oral presentation at the annual meeting, American Bone Mineral Research AssociationLiu pointed out that there were some non-significant numbers of differences between groups that might have favored individuals taking supplements:
- Use of vitamin D supplements reduces risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 34%
- Taking at least 2,000 IU of vitamin D daily reduces risk by 59%
- 15% lower risk with daily intake of 4,000 IU or more
However, this trend was reversed among individuals who consistently took supplements over the 15-month course of the study (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.80-1.05).
The researchers also examined subgroups by age, ethnicity, race, gender, and BMI, along with vitamin D supplementation, and found no difference in the relationship between baseline serum vitamin D and SARS-CoV-2 infection. I couldn’t get it.
All subjects were vaccinated when a vaccine became available, and 41 of them developed breakthrough infections. According to Liu, there were no statistically significant differences between these patients as far as vitamin D intake was concerned.
Commenting on the study, Tiffany Kim, MD, co-moderator at the University of California, San Francisco, said: MedPage Today“While this study showed no value in taking vitamin D supplements to prevent COVID-19, vitamin D supplementation may be of value for people who are severely vitamin D deficient. Whether there is, and in this group, vitamins may help. ”
“There is certainly no reason to take high doses of vitamin D in a healthy population,” she said.
Median baseline vitamin D levels were 38 ng/mL, and “most subjects had vitamin D levels above 30 ng/mL,” Liu noted, agreeing with Kim.
She also noted that none of the individuals with symptomatic or asymptomatic COVID-19 developed severe illness requiring hospitalization. We were unable to assess how vitamin D levels affected severe COVID-19 illness.
Researchers probed whether vitamin D could help prevent SARS-Co-2 infection, said Liu.
“Based on data linking vitamin D deficiency to the risk of other respiratory infections, we hypothesized that people with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D had a higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Study HCPs were followed for 15 months from spring 2020 to winter 2022. The participant completed her quarterly questionnaire regarding her new COVID-19 infection, vaccinations, medical history, and supplement use.
Serum was collected at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months for 25-hydroxyvitamin D and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies. Incident infections were self-reported and confirmed by positive PCR or development of new nucleocapsid antibodies. Logistic regression was used to associate vitamin D status and supplement use with incident infections.
The average age of participants was 40 years. Mean BMI was 26, 70% Caucasian and 77% female.
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Disclosure
Liu and Kim have not disclosed their affiliation with the industry.
This study was funded by the Hospital for Special Surgery.
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