Health
Low-cost sensors embedded in t-shirts and face masks to monitor respiration and heart rate
Imperial researchers are embedding new low-cost sensors into t-shirts and face masks that monitor respiration, heart rate and ammonia.
Potential applications range from monitoring exercise, sleep, and stress, to diagnosing and monitoring disease through respiration and vital signs.
Spun from Imperial’s newly developed cotton-based conductive yarn called Pecotex, the sensor costs almost nothing to manufacture. For just $0.15, a meter of thread is produced for seamless integration of 10+ sensors into clothing. PECOTEX is compatible with industry standard computerized embroidery machines.
The flexible medium of clothing means our sensors have a wide range of applications. It’s also relatively easy to manufacture, so we can scale up production to usher in a new generation of wearables in clothing.”
Fahad Alshabouna, First Author, Ph.D. Candidate, Imperial Biotechnology Division
Researchers have embroidered sensors into face masks that monitor respiration, T-shirts that monitor heart activity, and textiles that monitor gases such as ammonia, a component of respiration that can be used to track liver and kidney function. An ammonia sensor was developed to test whether gas sensors could also be manufactured using embroidery.
Fahad adds: clothing. “
The research was published today in Materials Today.
seamless sensor
Wearable sensors, like those found in smartwatches, enable non-invasive, continuous monitoring of health and well-being. However, the lack of suitable conductive yarns so far explains why wearable sensors seamlessly integrated into clothing have not yet been widely available.
Joined Pecotex. Developed by Imperial researchers and spun into sensors, this material is machine washable, less fragile than commercially available silver-based conductive yarns, and more conductive, so you can add more layers to make it more complicated. You can create any type of sensor.
Firat Guder, Ph.D., lead author and also in the Bioengineering Division, said:
“Our research opens up exciting possibilities for wearable sensors that can be attached to everyday clothing. By monitoring respiration, heart rate and gases, they are already seamlessly integrated and in the future It may even help diagnose disease and monitor treatment.”
Researchers will then explore new application areas such as energy storage, energy harvesting and biochemical sensing, and find partners for commercialization.
This research was funded by the Saudi Ministry of Education, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC, part of UKRI), Cytiva, Imperial’s Bioengineering Division, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the US Armed Forces.
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