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CMU Array has the potential to transform the way doctors treat neurological disorders

CMU Array has the potential to transform the way doctors treat neurological disorders

 


Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed the CMU Array. This is a new type of microelectrode array for the brain-computer interface platform. It has the potential to change the way doctors treat neurological disorders.

3D printed ultra-dense microelectrode arrays (MEAs) at the nanoscale are fully customizable. This means that one day patients suffering from limb dysfunction due to epilepsy or stroke will be able to receive personalized care optimized to their individual needs.

This collaboration combines the expertise of Rahul Panat, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and Eric Yttri, Assistant Professor of Biological Sciences. The team applied the latest microfabrication technology, aerosol jet 3D printing, to fabricate an array that solves a major design barrier for other brain-computer interface (BCI) arrays. The survey results are scientific progress.

Aerosol Jet 3D printing has three big advantages. A user can customize her MEA to meet her specific needs. MEA in the brain he functions in three dimensions. Also, the increased density of the MEA makes it more robust. “


Rahul Panat, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University

MEA-based BCIs connect neurons in the brain with external electronics to monitor or stimulate brain activity. They are often used to transmit information from the brain to nonfunctional limbs in applications such as neuroprostheses, prostheses, and visual implants. BCIs also have potential applications in treating neurological disorders such as epilepsy, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, existing devices have limitations.

There are two common types of BCI devices. The oldest MEA is the Utah Array, developed at the University of Utah and patented in 1993. This silicon-based array uses a field of tiny pins or shanks that can be inserted directly into the brain to detect electrical discharges from nerve cells. tip of each pin.

Another type is the Michigan Array printed on a flat, delicate silicon chip. Read electrons as they are fired across the chip. Due to design limitations, both of these arrays can only be recorded in two-dimensional planes. This means that it cannot be customized to the needs of each patient and application.

The most important aspect of MEA is its 3D sampling capability. This is limited by the density of microelectrodes in the arrays and the ability to place these arrays at the precise spots we want to sense. The latest in his MEA fabrication technology has made great strides regarding the density of these microelectrode arrays. Adding a third dimension greatly increases the sampling power of the array. Additionally, her MEA, custom-made for each specific application, allows for more accurate and high-fidelity readings.

The researchers’ CMU array is the densest BCI, about an order of magnitude higher than the Utah array BCI.

High quality MEAs are in demand. MEAs used to control virtual actions and complex limb movements on computers are reaching the limits of current technology. More advanced applications require his MEA, customized for each individual and with much higher fidelity than currently available.

“In just a few days, we were able to manufacture precision medical devices tailored to the needs of patients and experimenters,” said Yttri, co-first author of the study. Moreover, while techniques such as visual cortex stimulation and prosthetic limb control are commonly used successfully, the ability to personalize control systems in the brain could pave the way for major advances in this field.

Panat estimates that it will take five years to see human testing, and even longer to see commercial use. The team looks forward to providing this successful process to other researchers in the field to start testing various applications.

Patents pending on CMU array architecture and manufacturing methods. The next step, Panat said, is to work with his partners at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other businesses to introduce these findings to other laboratories as soon as possible to commercialize the technology. to apply for funds for

This research is funded by NIH’s Brain Research Through Advancing Innovation Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative.

sauce:

Journal reference:

Saleh, MS, and others. (2022) CMU Array: A 3D nanoprinted, fully customizable high-density microelectrode array platform. scientific progress. doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj4853.

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